The Holographic Universe as Information Processor

The Holographic Universe as Information Processor and the Creation of discretisized SpaceTime


How big is the universe and could it be growing in size?
Has the Universe always existed and will it ever end or was it created and is eternal?
These are questions even little children ask their parents and their teachers.
Cosmologist throughout the history of human endeavour and science have pondered those questions and sought to derive answers.

1. Preliminaries and Introduction
2. Demetrication of General Relativity and the Deceleration Parameter
3. The Holographic Principle and the 3D-Universe as a Hologram of 4D-SpaceTime
4. Thermodynamic Entropy and Shannon Information
5. The Universal Entropy Bound (UEB) and the Holographic Entropy Bound (HB)
6. The Cosmos as Information Processor and the FRW-Universe
7. The Nodal Hubble-Constant in GR relates the entropic spacetime quanta counters in QR
8. SpaceTime Creation and a Definition for the Fundamental Demetricated Scalefactor in QR



1. Preliminaries and Introduction

The last 20 years of modern science and its discoveries by experiment and observation have now allowed a well informed convergence of data and fact to answer the perennial questions harboured in the human minds of the enquirers.
This treatise then will answer those questions in a synthesis of the accumulated data base collected by the endeavours of science. I shall make a special reference to a popular paper published by Scientific American to set the background for the 'new' scientific concepts, with whom most readers will be unfamiliar in terminology, yet about which they have heard of in peripheral contexts.

The paper is by Jacob. D. Bekenstein; Scientific American; August 2003, pages 48-55 and is entitled: "Information in the Holographic Universe". Those peripheral contexts engage the idea of higher superbrane dimensions, modular duality and the universe as a collector and processor of information, somewhat akin to mass/energy as the hardware and the information linked and derived from that processed by the programmed software as a cosmic intelligence or consciousness.

But can the universe be modelled on a computerised system? QR has shown, that the so called fundamental constants of nature are algorithmically determinable.
So the natural laws are ultimately set in a computational mode, based on simple geometrical laws and relationships. Those 'geometric' laws are themselves derived from abstract encodings of the intrinsic algorithmic symmetries or EigenStates and particularly a pentagonal supersymmetry or number patterns is directly obtained from the computational mode as number series and pattern.
This mode we call the Binary Dyad [0,1], representing for example the Inflow-Outflow VPE aka the Vortex-Potential-Energy) for something we shall determine to be discrete spacetime quanta.

The physical manifesto for this Binary Dyad or Bit is the concept of a 10-dimensional superstring, which begins as a closed or angular Eigenstate of '0' and then opens or linearises itself as the Eigenstate of '1', before recircularising back to the '0' SelfState.
This superstring with open and closed Eigenstates is called the Planck-Boson of superstring class I in a family of five superstrings of classes (I, IIA, IIB, HO(32) and HE(8x8)). If one then allows certain primary algorithms to operate as the 'cosmic intelligence' or software on the Potential Mass/Energy defined by those algorithms or programs, then the hardware of the Potential becomes Realised or manifested as the observable and measurable universe. And this manifestation must necessarily follow the simplest and minimum 'energy definition' of that of the Planck-Boson by the considerations of the above.

Subsequently, the universe's hardware consists of a continual transformation of Eigenstates defined mathematically by the parameters of primordial subtimespace algorithms manifested as the Planck-Boson in a continuous process of transforming itself across dimensions and particular selfstates known as elementary particles or wavelets. The trouble with this idea is that the subtimespace must by necessity be Undefined in the parameters of space and time and yet Defined in the 'algorithmic timespace'.

This however greatly simplifies the mathematics for the superstring classes, which must incorporate a 12-dimensional continuum of 10 spacial dimensions and 2 time dimensions for its inner mathematical necessity, sufficiency and selfconsistency. We shall reencounter those 'higher dimensions' in the discussion about the consequences of the Holographic Boundary Conditions but note here, that the present state of physics attempts to unify Quantum Theories applicable to the micro-Eigenstates with the macro-Eigenstates of classical physics as culminated in the theories of the relativities, the latter which could be considered differential-geometric.

What links those two realms of the micro/smallest with the macro/largest is however the Principle of Holography. A Hologram of a mirror, say, represents a repository of information about this 'mirror' in terms of interference patterns (which is information derived from mass/energy interaction). Now partitioning the 'mirror' (say shattering it into shards), would duplicate the entire information contained in the 'unbroken mirror' in every shard (with diminished intensity or luminosity, say).

So we consider the entire universe as the 'unbroken mirror' and partition it into the 'shards of spacetime quanta' -the universe thus consists of discrete spacetime-units as holographic projections of the universal hologram, each such projection being a deluminated image of the universe as a Hologram of One.

This Hologram of One is however defined in the Bit of the Binary Dyad [0,1], leading us back to the supermembranes of Modular Duality.
In particular this Modular Duality engages the Bit in allowing a Twosided Surface to become Onesided. This concept is well understood in the Möbius-Strip, where a rubber or ribbon, which has two distinct sides as the inner and the outer is reconnected in twisting one end through 180 degrees before reconnecting, to create a Onesided Surface which has become doubled. The extension for the Möbius-Strip is the Klein-Bottle, which derived from the Torus or Doughnut shape, enfolds space in such a way, that the 'bottle's surface' appears to be the 'bottle's volume'.
QR calls this topology of shape the differential geometry of the Möbius-Serpent transforming into the Klein-Bottle-Dragon via Möbius-Francom-Adjacency.

Those preliminaries now allow us to apply the Holographic Principle to the microstates of the superbranes as images for the macrostates of the universe. We first have to 'eliminate' the spacetime 'metrics' of the macrostates and as given in GR in a process of demetrication. This then renders the universe as a scalerelative universe, ultimately defined in parameters known as de Broglie phases.



2. Demetrication of General Relativity and the Deceleration Parameter

The demetrication of Einstein's Field equations in General Relativity (GR) leads directly to the deceleration parameter q_o in Standard Cosmology.
The formulation is:

q_o=½(Gravitational Omega Ω_o)=½M_o/M_critical → G_oM_o/λ_ps² .........[Eq.#1]​

where M_o is a Baryonic Restmass/Inertial Mass-Seedling and M_critical is the precise mass content of the universe required for perfect Euclidean flatness of zero curvature.
G_o can be considered the Gravitational Constant applicable in an universe devoid of any mass, where the gravitational constant would be identical to the inverse of the Coulomb permittivity constant in free space as G_o=4πε_o, (the derivation engages the fine-structures for the electromagnetic and gravitational interactions in the subtimespace epoch of the superbranes before the time-instanton and the Weyl-Geodesic definitions.

In that epoch the Planck-Scale of unitisation transforms in dimensionless 'wormhole' parameters via superstring classes from the Planck-Scale-Oscillation to the Weyl-Geodesic.
The Weyl-Geodesic then becomes the quantum-smeared out spacetime-quantum, also termed E_ps-Centre in QR's terminology. The E_ps quantum then defines the parameters for the classical quantum epoch given in terms of energy, mass and electropolic Coulomb charges and manifesting the GR fields; as emerging from the nonclassical and de Broglie phased State-Space of the superbrane epoch characterised in the subtimespaces of magnetocharges as inverse energy quanta for the Planck-Bosonic transformations. The wavelength λ_ps is the source-wavelength for the heterotic supermembrane HE(8x8), which in modular duality {λ_psλ_ss=1 dimensionless} with its sink-wavelength λ_ss represents the Weyl- Geodesic for the critical scale of the cosmogenesis where GR must be extended in Quantum Relativity (QR).

The source-wavelength could be called the perimeter for the wormhole satisfying the Penrosian Weyl-Nullification hypothesis at the cosmic origin for the time instantanton, (where the tidal force of the Riemann Tensor must vanish in a dewarping of all spacetimes defined by GR). The above [Eq.#1] leads directly to the inflaton of de Broglie in considering the Radius of maximum Curvature (R_max) in GR to become the Schwarzschild Solution of the GR field equations for the source-wavelenght λ_ps as the vibratory part of the supermembrane E_psE_ss (or HE(8x8)) and as applied to the gravitational Omega as the ratio between the baryonic and the critical inertial mass definitions.

For then R_max=2G_oM_o/c² => R_max.f_ps² as the de Broglie Phase-Acceleration for the Identity of c-invariance {c=λ_ps.f_ps=R_max.H_o with H_o the nodal Hubble Constant specifying the selfsame de Broglie inflaton}.The above formulations show that the microstate of supermembrane E_psE_ss can be considered the minimum Eigenstate for the Quantum Universe.
In particular the Volume of a Space-Time-Quantum is 2π²r_ps³, where r_ps=λ_ps/2π as the wormhole radius of the Weyl-Geodesic of GR.
But the universal volume now is simply a quantum summation of this and of the form 2π²R_max³.
QR calculates the numbercount of spacetimequanta for this universe (as 10D limit for R_Hubble) as an algorithmic googolplex of just over 10¹⁴⁷ and, as we shall see, just as the Holographic Entropy Bound predicted by Bekenstein.



3. The Holographic Principle and the 3D-Universe as a Hologram of 4D-SpaceTime

We now peruse Bekenstein's paper referenced before and extend its consequences by theprinciples of Quantum Relativity.
John Archibald Wheeler (Princeton University) is quoted as being one of the first physicists to consider the universe as being based upon a physics of information as primary effect and emerging energy and mass as a secondary consequence.
Information supplied to physical ingredients like a robot, allow the mechanical instrument to dynamically interact with its environment.
A ribosome in a 'living or biovital' cell is supplied amino acids to build body structures, but without DNA instruction is unable to perform its programmed function. What is the ultimate information capacity of a device defined in 'size' and 'mass'?

How much information can be stored on the universal computer chip, encoding the description for the entire universe? The Principle of Holography allows us to encode 3-dimensional information as a 2-dimensional Hologram and as the interference pattern of a two-directional 'laserlight'. One part of the laserbeam splits at a say semitransparent mirror to travel directly to a recording device (photographic plate), whilst the other part of the lightbeam reflects of the object to be recorded before forming an interference pattern at the recorder, thus creating the hologram of the 3D object as a 2D representation. Reexposure or illumination of the hologram to the same laserlight then reproduces the 3D image from the 2D record as a Holograph. John Wheeler's words are poetisized by William Blake who penned the idea that 'one can see the world in a grain of sand'.

​

So this is certainly true in holography, where the 3D grain of sand becomes a 2D hologram of it. Applied to the 'volume' of the universe as the object to be recorded; its hologram would necessarily be a mapping onto a 'surface' as a dimensionality reduced by one. Thus a 4D-universe, defined in Minkowski-Einstein spacetime and the toroidal volume specified before; would become equivalent to a 3D-Surface mapping as a hologram of this 4D-spacetime. Standard Cosmology describes our 3D-perceived universe as just such a 3-dimensional surface and calls it Riemann's Hypersphere of 4D-spacetime or a form of Poincare's 3-sphere.

Here we extend the Standard Cosmology however in proposing that this hypersphere represents a 'twisted' 3D Klein-Bottle-Dragon as the extension of the 3-Torus.
Then the twosided Möbius connection as a doubled onesided manifold is dimensionally extended as an enclosed volume 'within' becoming holographically 'added to' the potentially infinite volume 'without'.
As a simple example consider the volume 'within' the planet Earth 'added to' the volume 'without'. Here the total set of volume consists of the complements 'within' and 'without'. But the interior of the Earth is well defined and finite as the volume of Earth; whilst the exterior volume dependes on the curvature of space. If the curvature is ellipsoidal or closed or positive, then a lightbeam sent anywhere into the nightsky from your forehead, will eventually, after travelling around the perimeter of the universe return to hit the back of your head.
The universe is then spacially finite.
If the curvature is hyperbolic or open or negative, then the lightbeam will not return but diverge eternally.
The universe is then spacially infinite.
If the curvature is zero or flat, then the lightbeam will return but take an infinite amount of time to do so in an asymptotic process.

The Thuban Klein-Bottle-Dragon



{Found and shared by Allisiam}


In the Beginning was The Word of Love and the Word of Love was with the Energy of Love and so the Word of Love became the Energy of Love and became all of the Worlds of Love.
John.1.1
Finis Hominis Incere Hominidae Draconis Astrum!
"Humanity has ended, enter the Starhumanity of Dragons!"​

The experimental data (COBE, BOOMERANG, WMAP) clearly indicates a flat universe, also predicted by the Inflation models, instigated by Alan Guth (MIT) in the 1980's. QR then has found that all three cases of curvatures apply simultaneously. The 10D universe is hyperbolic and the 11D universe is ellipsoidal and superimposed they create the measured flatness of zero curvature. The 10D universe is but the holographic mapping of the 11D universe and therefore contained within it as a higher dimensional cross-section. Because the 'inside' of the 10D universe is Klein-Bottled as the 'outside', the 11D universe connects the 10D to its own Reality Image in the 12th dimension as the mapping of the Doubled Onesided Surface Mirror of 11D.
Because of the complementarity of the universal sets, the 'inside volume' is 'added to' the 'total volume' through a cyclicity of the 11D-Witten-Mirror defining the asymptotic flatness of Euclidean Zero-Curvature of flatness and as the observed and measured 4D-spacetime. This realisation has important cosmological consequences.

The universe is potentially infinite in 11 dimensions, thus allowing a continuous creation of spacetime in the form of spacetime quanta as the discrete building blocks for a 10-11-12 D spacetime triad in what is called OmniSpace in QR.
What are those dimensions and how are they connected?

The extended hypersphere definition allows us to reach the same conclusion as that given by the standard description of 11-dimensional M-Theory describing the supermembranes with a potential twosidedness of the temporal time-dimension.
In M-Theory (Witten's M=Mother=Matrix=Magic=Mystery); 9 spacial dimensions are extended to 10 spacial dimensions in allowing the 1D-superstring to manifest as a 2D-supermembrane.

In F-Theory (Vafa's F=Father); 1 timedimension becomes two-arrowed in the entropy reversal of the 11th dimension in mirror symmetry and say as a 2-dimensional 'complex plane' then becoming descriptive for the 'outside' of the 11-dimensional 'Hubble-Bubble'.
This is just what we have described with QR's Omnispace dimensions, describing the Klein-Bottle-Dragon, which forms the shape or morphology of the observed universe, residing within and without higher dimensional embedded and encompassing higher dimensional space.
Using the 12D-Vafa-Space, we reduce the 12D-continuum to the familiar 3D-continuum under agency of dimensional algorithmic rootreduction and the demetrication of Riemann's higher dimensions, say as applied to GR. QR recreates the Algorithmic NullState of the 0-Dimension as the Connector Dimension between the 1st and the 12th dimension and defined in the following.

LineSpace 1-2-3 as the Linearisation or Unfolding of the Circular Continuum of the NullState. HyperSpace 4-5-6 as the Recircularisation or Enfolding of the Linear Continuum of LineSpace. HyperSpace thus manifests as the Rotational properties of LineSpace. QuantumSpace 7-8-9 as the Relinearisation or Unfolding of HyperSpace of a combined Linear and Rotational dynamics. QuantumSpace thus manifests as the Vibrational or oscillatory properties of LineSpace. OmniSpace 10-11-12 as the Recircularisation or Enfolding of QuantumSpace as the combined dynamics of Linearity, Rotation and Vibration. OmniSpace thus manifests as the LineSpace in all of the observed and measured properties of its physical constituents (which are the Planck-Boson transformations).

Quantum Relativity so concludes that the 'higher dimensions' are Congruent with and As the LineSpace dimensions. The Time-Dimension is the Quality of the Linearisation of the Circularity and exists basically as the Precursor for the Space-Dimensions in allowing space to emerge from its own dimensionless status as Cycletime n. This is defined as dimensionless Tau(τ)-Time in GR's Curvature Radius R_C=c.dt/dτ, and so as the LightPath. In the circular OmniSpace dimensional continuum, Time does not exist (and neither space by implication).
1-2-3-(4)-5-6-(7)-8-9-(10)-11-12-(13=1=0) circularises the fourfolded OmniSpace continuum, rendering dimensionalities 1-4-7-10 as the Time-Connector dimensions 'shared' between the individuated continuae (Line, Hyper, Quantum, Omni) as the NullStates. The NullState then becomes defined in the properties of the Weyl-Geodesic, the Time-Instanton and the De Broglie Space-Inflaton in QR's cosmogenesis in the E_psE_ss heterotic supermembrane parameters.
And those definitions then must specify the limits for all and mensuration techniques applied by the 'hardware' to measure and observe itself and as programmed by the 'software'. The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle must hence be finestructured in the wormhole parameters and this is precisely the case in the QR formulations.
Heisenberg's Constant: h/4π=λ_ps/[8πR_e.c³], with R_e=10¹⁰.λ_ps/360 as the superbrane form for the classical Electron Radius (R_e=R_Compton.Alpha).
Alpha is the electromagnetic Finestructure Constant and measures the interaction probability between matter and light, and as say in the photoelectric effect and the Compton Radius is the de Broglie Matter wavelength proportional to it as harmonisation between the nuclear and the atomic realms directly derived from the quantisation of the Electron Radius in terms of the wormhole or superbrane wavelength λ_ps.

So we can consider OmniSpace to Be LineSpace with the 'higher dimensions' Conifolded either in 6-dimensional Calabi-Yau manifolds or as 7-dimensional Joycian surfaces. OmniSpace is 10-11-12, which rootreduces to 1-2-3 in 1+0=1 and 1+1=2 and 1+2=3; which is the algorithmic foundation of the Bit of the Binary Dyad [0,1] as described. OmniSpace then considers dimensionalities 1=4=7=10 as the LineSpace Cardinality; dimensionalities 2=5=8=11 as the AreaSpace Cardinalities and dimensionalities 3=6=9=12 as the VolumeSpace Cardinalities.
Two universes in Bekenstein's paper and reflecting the work of other prominent researchers into the holographic identity of the universe such as Leonard Susskind (Stanford University) and subsequently by Maldacena and t'Hooft; can so have a different dimensionality (differing by one) and obeying potentially different physical laws; yet are rendered completely equivalent by the Holographic Principle.
The 5D de Sitter spacetime is empty and so highly symmetrical and expands at an accelerating rate with a repulsing 'cosmological constant'. The anti-de Sitter 5D spacetime then is empty, highly symmetrical and decelerates in an expansion with an attractive 'cosmological constant'. Whilst experimental data predicts our universe to become a 5D de Sitter universe because of an apparent cosmic acceleration measured by Saul Permutter and Brian Schmidt in 1998 in supernovae type Ia data; the Holographic Principle favours the anti-de Sitter spacetime for its asymptotic boundary, located at 'infinity'.

QR predicts the measured acceleration as apparent, because of the 'intersection' of the 10D-universe with itself in 11D as the OmniSpace Image. Because the superposition of the hyperbolic and ellipsoidal curvatures result in the measured flatness, the Riemann-Spheres in OmniSpace selfintersect and result in 'overlapping' spacetimes, which can be analysed by cosmological redshift data, which is required to be 'corrected' for the intersecting redshift intervals. Needless to say, many present controversies regarding 'redshifts' are solved in superposing the higher dimensional analysis centred on an epoch specifying redshift called the Arpian-Variation Maximum by QR.

The redshift interval in question also coincides and elucidates a measurement for an Alpha-Finestructure-Constant-Dip through John Webb (UNSW), who measured quasar spectra of hydrogen absorption lines on Mauna Kea, Hawaii with the 10m Keck telescope in 1998.
And the mathematical analysis for the Holographic Principle is in correlation with QR.

A 5D anti-de Sitter spacetime is the object and is mapped as a 4D Minkowski flat spacetime as its own holograms
The periphery of the 5D anti-de Sitter spacetime is its 'Boundary' as the 4D Riemann Hypersphere.
In OmniSpace however, the 5D is also the 11D, combining the 'Rotational' Degrees of Freedom of HyperSpace with the 'Vibrational' Degrees of Freedom of 8D QuantumSpace to reconstitute the 2D LineSpace as the 'Quantisational' Degrees of Freedom of 11D OmniSpace. In other words, the 'infinite' boundary for the 5D anti-de Sitter spacetime is also the 11D Witten-Mirror, but now bounded by the Hubble-Friedmann-Radius of maximum curvature as R_max, calculated by QR to be 16.9 Billion lightyears.

The 5D anti-de Sitter spacetime is ruled by 10D superstrings, again implying the 11D identification and the conformal mappings of the 4D spacetime onto the 5D spacetime relate the entropies of the two universes to each other.
It is found, that a Black Hole in 5D is equivalent to 'Hot Radiation' in 4D as the hologram of the Black Hole's entropy as thermodynamic entropy.
The source entropy of outflow in 4D is found to precisely match the sink-entropy of inflow in 5D.



4. Thermodynamic Entropy and Shannon Information

Consider a glass of water.
Thermodynamic Entropy seeks to describe the number of permutations, which are possible between the smallest constituents which comprise the isolated system (glass of water), without changing the overall state of that system. The 'glass of water' then remains invariant macroscopically, but its microscopic state of flux becomes specified or measured by its entropy as the number of possible rearrangements of those smallest constituents, may those be molecules, atoms, subatomic particles or superstrings.
Thermodynamic Entropy is thus measured as effect of Avogadro's Constant (N_Av), relating the 'amount of substance' as molarity in association with Boltzmann's Constant (k).
The universal Gas-Constant (R) at STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure) so is R=kN_Av.
Formal Information Theory originated in 1948 with American applied mathematician Claude E. Shannon, who introduced Bit-Entropy as a measure for Information Content.

Of course, we have already associated the Bit as an algorithmic representation for the superstrings; so Shannon Information automatically relates QR to a measurement of entropy. How many Bits or Binary Digits are required to encode a certain amount of information?

Every modern communications device, ranging from cellular phones to modems to CD players rely on Shannon Entropy as a 'counting of the Bits'. Thermodynamic Entropy is basically Energy/Temperature which has the units of (k); whilst Shannon Entropy is algorithmic and dimensionless.
A Silicon Computer Chip has dimensions of 1cubic centimetre and a mass of less than a gram.

If this chip carries one Gigabyte of data (1 Byte=8 Bits), then the Shannon Entropy is about 10¹⁰, whilst the Thermodynamic Entropy (at STP) is about 10²³ for common unitisation.
This vast difference is a consequence of the many different arrangements the molecules and atoms with their electrons can assume in their 'Degrees of Freedom' of the before described modes of translation, rotation and vibration.
Should we now reduce the atoms of the chip down to the superstrings, then the thermodynamic entropy would increase exponentially, yet this can be ignored in thermodynamics because the individual quarks and leptons remain in a sense invariant for the counting of the atomic states under consideration.
But under the relativistic conditions of the Quantum Big Bang Cosmogenesis and the Creation of the superstrings, all permuation states must be considered and this leads us into the Thermodynamic Entropy of Black Holes and the Limits For Information Density.



5. The Universal Entropy Bound (UEB) and the Holographic Entropy Bound (HB)

John Wheeler emphasized in the 1970's that the information 'falling' into a Black Hole seems to violate the second law of thermodynamics, stating that any isolated system must increase its entropy or state of disorder.
This is the case, when one considers a Black Hole to be a highly ordered system, just specified by its size and mass in the Schwarzschild solution obtained in GR's demetrication.
The work of Stephen Hawking (Cambridge University) and Demetrious Christodoulou (then at Princeton under Wheeler's guidance), together with that of Jacob Bekenstein (then under Wheeler and now at Hebrew University of Jerusalem) showed however that Black Holes must possess thermodynamic properties, as their characteristic size or Event Horizon must always increase in area under merger.

Thus Bekenstein proposed in 1972, that the Black Hole's Entropy is proportional to its Surface Area of its Event Horizon.
Thus the 'lost' entropy of the infalling matter or information is transformed into Black Hole entropy as function of the Black Hole's Temperature.
So even in the case of a 'shrinking' Black Hole (emitting Hawking Radiation in its 'getting hotter'), the emergent radiation retransmits the previously 'lost' entropy as 'found' disorder.
In 1986 Rafael D. Sorkin (Syracuse University) applied the 'Generalised Second Law' (GSL) in showing that it must be valid for all Black Hole processes down to the superstring level.

Hawking's Radiation process then specifies the proportionality between entropy and the Black Hole's Surface Area as precisely ¼A, where area A is measured and quantised in Planck-Areas A_P, with {A_P=G_oh/2πc³=l_P² and l_P the Planck-Length}.
The entropy of a Black Hole the mass of the Earth (~6x10²⁴ kg) would be contained in the Earth's Schwarzschild Radius of about 1.5 cm and a surface area of so 2.8x10^-3 square meters, which comprises about 6.5x10⁶⁶/4 =1.6x10⁶⁶ Bits as entropy counter.

The thermodynamic entropy for 1 litre of water (10^-3 cubic metres) is about R/k or 6x10²³ Bits and it would take a 'cube of water' with a side of 1.3x10¹⁴ meters to match the Earth's entropy as a Black Hole equivalent just 3cm across.
This standard for water is used to define the Universal Entropy Bound or UEB.
We now consider the Holographic Entropy Bound or HB in any energy or matter distribution as a spherical region of space as a Black Hole equivalence in inducing the contained matter distribution to collapse to its boundary of the event horizon, quantised in Planck Areas as the Limit of Information Density given in Bits and representing the mass-content as Black Hole parameter.

In such a scenario, the Shannon Entropy is equal to the Thermodynamic Entropy as the HB. So in adding more and more computer chips together, one obtains Entropy proportional to the Surface Area of the computer chips 'pile' and Not to the Volume of the 'pile'.
This counterintuitive result is a consequence of the Event Horizon specifying the 'breakdown' of the matter distributions and not the volume it occupies.

The Bekenstein paper referenced tabulates the following comparative data for the UEB and the HB with the size of the distributions plotted against the information capacity (in Bits) to give the linear proportions:

Human Chromosome....................(1 micron, 10⁹ Bits); UEB=10^{23 Bits} & HB=10⁵⁸ Bits
Music CD......................................(10cm, 10¹⁰ Bits); UEB=10⁴⁰ BITS & HB=10⁶⁸ Bits
Liter of Water as UEB Standard..(10cm, 10²³ Bits); UEB=10⁴⁰ Bits & HB=10⁶⁸ Bits
Library of Congress......................(10m, 10¹⁵ Bits); UEB=10⁵² Bits & HB=10⁷³ Bits
Internet..........................................(6500km, 10¹⁶ Bits); UEB=10⁷⁵ Bits & HB=10⁸⁵ Bits
Intersection of UEB and HB........(10¹² m, 10¹⁰⁰ Bits);UEB=HB=10¹⁰⁰ Bits
Universe (projected).....................(10²⁶ m, 10¹⁵⁰ Bits).

One should now point out, that the Bekenstein Intersection for the UEB and the HB has a precise counterpart in Quantum Relativity. In QR the microscopic realm for the subatomic template is mapped onto the macroscopic world of the cosmogenesis, after the subatomic quark quantum geometry has itself become magnified from the supermembrane epoch as exemplified in the quantisation of the classical Electron Radius in terms of the parameters of the Weyl-Geodesic.
In particular, the cosmogenesis maps the neutron's beta decay onto the evolution of the 10D universe as the hologram of the 11D universe.

Thus the time-and size-scales for the neutron are matched to what are known as neutron stars in their primordial form of prototypical dineutron- or ylem-stars.
So called pulsars and magnetars are subsequent generations for the ylem stars.
In particular, the ylemic evolution defines the Higgs Bosonic Blueprint for the restmass induction of the quark-leptonic families of the Standard Model in Particle Physics.

The Higgs-Bosonic template is characterised by certain spacetime markers, which allow the nucleonic differentiation into quarks and leptons in a neutrinoic kernel, an inner mesonic ring and an outer leptonic ring.
The Inner Mesonic Ring maps say markers G and F and the Outer Leptonic Ring maps marker E; all as spacetime quanta counters.
One can now easily deduce that there will be an intersection of the Riemann-Hyperspheres at those marker points (which were set in the de Broglie inflaton).
In the subatomic-nucleon template, this intersection corresponds to a precise formulation for the neutrinoic kernel of the Higgs Bosonic Blueprint and defines the Tau-(anti)neutrino inertial mass induction at centred on 3.00 eV (electronvolt).
The formulation for this restmass induction is given in the Scalar Higgs (anti)neutrino as part of the Higgs Bosonic template:

n_Higgs=(λ_ps.m_e/2π.R_e){E/G-E/F}=0.052 eV...........[Eq. #2]
​

and where m_e is the effective mass for the electron.

This result was experimentally confirmed in the Kamiokande, Japan neutrino data of 1998.
The experiments measured the massinduction difference for muonic neutrinos hitting the detectors from two different colinear directions, one of those neutrino pathways travelling tthrough the
Earth's interior and the other impeding directly from the sky.

This is the mean of the G and F markers in the cosmology, where the corresponding distance scales are 3.39x10¹¹ m and 3.45x10¹¹ m respectively, with marker E setting 3.44x10¹⁴ m.

For a local starsystem containing the planet Earth and centred on the star RahSol; those distances refer to the Asteroid Belt at say 2.2 Astronomical Units (AU) from the Sun and to the Kuiper-Belt as extent of the Solar System at 2,200 AU, bounded by the Oort Cloud in the linearisation factor of 2π further out.

Hence the entropy bound equivalence verifies QR in proposing that at the scale of the asteroid belt, the cosmogenesis massinduced the scalar Higgs neutrino template as the Minimum scale for inertial mass and predicting that the Universe as an entity is representable as a Black Hole equivalence from that minimum condition onwards.
Now this is precisely what QR has found in beginning the Neutron Star evolution as the prototypical ylem stars at those spacetime markers of the accumulated spacetime quanta, which comprise the hypersphere volumes in the cosmogenesis.

QR has derived a beautiful formulation for those ylem-stars as mass-independent protostars, with the ylemic radii depending only on subatomic parameters as a function of the universe's temperature in its Planck-Boson evolution as a macroquantised Black Body Radiator.
The formulation equates the equilibrium condition between the thermal outward pressure with the gravitational inward pressure and is, with m_c the prototypically finestructured nucleon-mass:

R_ylem=√{kT.R_e³/G_o.m_c²}......... [Eq.#3]​

But from the ylemic times, which map the neutron's beta decay in the G-F interval of 19 seconds from about 2 minutes to 19 minutes of the timeinstanton at the 18 minute markers; the universe's Black Hole evolution became initialised in the ylemic protostars which would allow further stellar generations to evolve and transform into neutron stars, magnetars and Black Holes as a function of their masses and centred on the Chandrasekhar white dwarf upper limit of 1.5 solar masses, which is a dimensionless form of the wormhole source-frequency fps and links to the solar cycles of the magnetic fields generated by spinning masses as magnetocharged electricity forming mass equivalences.



6. The Cosmos as Information Processor and the FRW-Universe

The theoretical ultimate information capacity for any massive spherical energy distribution so Increases only with its Surface Area and not its Volume. Because volume increases more rapidly as surface area, the Black Hole limit shows that if the mass of a star collapses under its own gravity, then this is equivalent to information being mapped from its 3D eigenstate onto its 2D eigenstate in a dimensional reduction forming the hologram of the higher dimension in the lower dimension.

The Holographic Principle was first proposed by Gerard t'Hooft (University of Utrecht) and Leonard Susskind in 1993 and fully supports (and explains) the Black Hole evolutionary scenario under discussion.
The information content given by a 3D system of physical interaction can be described by a 'surface physics' operating in the 2D boundary of the 3D system.
In the nomenclature of QR then, the information content of the 12D-Vafa-Sphere is mapped onto its own boundary-mirror of the 11D-Witten-Sphere from without or within.
The nature of the Möbian connectivity however adds the smaller subspace of the 10D universe as the information mapping onto the same hologram of 11D as the demetricated form of supermembrane or M-theory.

Juan Maldacena (then at Harvard University), first conjectured the full majesty of superstring theory in 1997 in proposing the anti-de Sitter 5D universe, which was later confirmed by Edward Witten (Princeton Institute for Advanced Study, New Jersey) and Steven S. Gubser, Igor R. Klebanov and Alexander M Polyakov (all of Princeton University).
The physics at the boundary of the higher spacetime would be mathematically equivalent to the physics of the higher spacetime; the entropy of a Black Hole in 5D would become the thermodynamic entropy of hot radiation in 4D.

Any universe then can be considered to transform its Eigenstate as an Information Processor.
The energy/mass content of such a universe interacts and maps those interactions in a space defined as volume onto its periphery as a bounding surface.

The energy/mass distributions form indeed the 'hardware' of the cosmic computer system, which is programmed by the 'software' of the universal intelligence, called the 'Laws of Nature'.
Those 'Laws of Nature' are however founded upon algorithmic processes by the 'writer of the programs' often called the Logos or the Word.

Since the Logos is intinsic to the Hologram of One, partitioning itself into the 'shards' of the Many; any One of the Many is also part of that Logos.
Subsequently, the 'program writers' are all pieces of 'shard', with not all those pieces necessarily being aware of their membership of the Club of the Hologram of One and the fraternity of the Logos. But by and through this Logos, the universe created itself in Möbian connectivity with the One being Two in One.

Any Experience by any of the 'shards' becomes a 'shared' experience due to that fraternity of the 'shards' and the Hologram of One.
This can and has been rigorously defined in QR as a propagation of Experience-Factors and as
the EigenStates of the Binary Dyads [0,1] in the foundations of the pentagonal supersymmetry underpinning the cosmogenesis in what QR terms Awareness-Triplets of the form [Old EigenState, Experience, New Eigenstate] with the New SelfState reiterating as the next Old SelfState.

So we know that the universe is self-programming itself through the 'shards' experiences as a form of information. The theoretical ultimate information capacity for any massive spherical energy distribution so Increases only with its Surface Area and not its Volume. Because volume increases more rapidly as surface area, the Black Hole limit shows that if the mass of a star collapses under its own gravity, then this is equivalent to information being mapped from its 3D eigenstate onto its 2D eigenstate in a dimensional reduction forming the hologram of the higher dimension in the lower dimension.

This information accumulation is forever growing as the shared experiences mapped as information onto the universal boundary of the 11-dimensional Mother-Space.
Is there a limit as to how big the universe can become?
If the universe is infinite then there is no limit to the accumulation of information, but then the Holographic Bound as described is inapplicable for any universe not representable as a Black Hole as depicted.

The present Standard Model for Cosmology is based on Einstein's Field Equations with the three case scenario depending on the mass/information content of the universe as a function of its curvature, as we have seen previously.
The Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe is said to be infinite, of hyperbolic curvature and will go on to expand eternally, eventually fading out as the nuclear fuel of successive stellar generations becomes exhausted in an ever growing dilation and diffusion of the entropy.
This is termed the 'Heat-Death' of the FRW-universe.

In this case, say of an infinite accelerating expansion, the Black Body model must break down and the Holographic Bound cannot be applied.
But we have already seen, that the FRW universe is but the 10D universe in QR, which is negatively curved but because of its Möbian connectivity, it is Bounded by Itself as the hologram of its 11-dimensional Mother-Space, which is of positive curvature enfolding the C-Space of the 10-dimensional superstrings as 11-dimensional supermembranes.
The 10D-FRW universe is the C-Space of the F-Space and the Child to the Father reflected in the Mother.
The negative curvature of the C-Space also becomes the hyperbolic curvature of the F-Space in the reversal of the Entropy Arrow of Time.
If the 10D-C-Space is considered convex and imaging 12D-F-Space, then the 11D-M-Space must be concave; just as a doughnut or torus carries both curvatures in the one topological multiconnected form.
The inner doughnut hole appears concave to an observer situated at the centre, all sides around himherself curving away from herhimself.
But the outer and larger circular enclosure appears convex in the spherical inner surface, which could encompass the doughnut.
The convexity of the 10D-universe then becomes the asymptotic expansion of the FRW-cosmos in the predicted and experimentally observed perfect Euclidean flatness.

Were there only 10 dimensions, then the universe would be a true FRW-universe of infinite extent and accelerated expansion.
But because there are 11 dimensions, the FRW-universe becomes finite with a decelerating expansion as required, the observed redshift dependent cosmic acceleration being the effect of the intersection of the C-Space convexity with the M-Space concavity.

And the breakdown of the Holographic Bound for sufficiently large regions then became appropriately addressed by a topological form of Quantum Relativity. In 1999 Raphael Bousso (then at Stanford University) conjectured the Bousso-Bound to overcome the limitations of the UEB and the t'Hooft-Susskind form of the HB; say when the isolated system undergoes rapid evolutionary change, such as gravitational collapse into a Black Hole.

Bousso considered a simple-connected 2D surface (there are only three such topologies which deform a plane into a same class manifold in the Catenoid, the Helicoid and the Hollow Sphere with an opening to infinity say) and applied the property of convergence in emitting imaginary light rays from every point of the spherical inner surface.
Bousso then conjectured, that the entropy encoded by this inner surface (say as A/4 measured in Planck-Areas) could not exceed the entropy of the matter and the radiation of the light rays before crossing. Bousso so counts the entropy not at any region at a certain time; but rather counts the entropies of different locales at many times.

But this is our oscillating and cyclic 11D universe intersecting itself in the asymptotically expanding 10D universe again.
The Steady State of the 11D Witten mirror forms the boundary or Event Horizon of maximum curvature for the expanding universe in 10D; the entire scenario becoming imaged in the 12D Vafa-Space as the Reflection or Shadow Universe in the M-Space of the Mother's supermembranes.
QR now extends the Bousso Bound in the QR bound of the spacetime-quanta googolplex as the decisive entropy counter for the universe, before approximated by Bekenstein as of the order of around 10¹⁵⁰.



7. The Nodal Hubble-Constant of GR relates the entropic spacetime quanta counters in QR

The QR-Holographic Bound calculates as Z=[2π.R_max/λ_ps]³~10¹⁴⁷ Bits with the volume of a spacetime quantum given in λ_ps³/4π~7.96x10^-68 m³.

Every 16.9 billion years, the nodal intersection of the c-invariant 11D-universe Activates the QR-HB-entropy counter and the 11D cosmos collapses its Information Content onto the nodes, which form the Hologram of the 10D-spacetime mapped nodally onto the 11D-Witten-Mirror.

As the universe is 19.11 billion years old, the first nodal mapping occurred so 2.2 billion years ago; when a certain sentience began to evolve on a certain localised hologram of this cosmogenesis; and a cosmic intelligence which would one day become enabled to reconstruct the cosmogenesis of its own identity as the holographic image of its own creation in co-creatorship.
This sentience therefore would Remember its fraternity with the Logos of Creation.

Because of the Klein-Bottledness, the nodal resonances extend the Bousso Bound in bidirectionality, one in holographic reflection and the other in holographic refraction.
The inside defines a multivalued and multiconnected 11-dimensional continuum of supermembranes bounded in the 10-dimensional massparametric hologram and the outside continues to grow in 'volume' by adding spacequanta in the creation of new space as the 11D-expansion towards potential infinity and the old anti-de Sitter boundary.

Using a calibrated Mean-Alignment-Time or MAT of say November 5th, 1996 at 00:00 +11UCT; this number of wormhole quanta is:
2p²R_Hubble³x(n/MAT=1.132419321...)/2p²R_wormhole³=8.04999159x10⁷⁹/7.95774715x10^-68 =1.0115917x10¹⁴⁷ at MAT
and adding wormhole quanta every second from its ('Eternal Void Energy Potential' from Abstraction Space of the MATHIMATIA aka the Tetragrammaton I AM THAT I AM aka the pentagrammaton I AM THAT AM I) due to the expansion of the Omniverse from its protoversal seed into Eternity from its reciprocated Nulltime.

The volume of the universe calculates as a function of quantized time and space and as an effect of the frequency quantum of the cosmogenesis defining the wormhole Big Bang singularity.

V(t) =6p²c∫R² dt = 6p²cR_Hubble²∫n² dt = 6p²c³∫t² dt for the integration interval from 'Big Bang Time' t=t_ps=1/f_ps to expansion time coordinate t=t and for dR=cdt and R(n)=nR_Hubble and n=H_ot for dn/dt=H_o.

V(t=t_ps) = 2p²c³{t_ps³ - t_ps³} = 0 for the time quantum t_ps as the wormhole frequency f_ps

V(2t_ps) = 2p²c³{2³ - 1}t_ps³ as the first finite volume after time and space began.

V(3t_ps) = 2p³c³{2³ - 1}t_ps³ as the second such volume and defining the size of the universe for cycle time coordinate n=H_o(3t_ps) for generalised n=H_ot and dn/dt=H_o

V(nt_ps) = 2p²c³{n³ - 1}t_ps³ as generalisation for expansion time t=n/H_o

V(1)=V(3x10³⁰.t_ps) = 2p²c³{27x10⁹⁰ - 1}t_ps³ = 2p²l_ps³{27x10⁹⁰ - 1} because c=f_psl_ps and showing the quantization of the volume and size of the universe as a simple count of the unitary wormholes of frequency f_ps=1/t_ps=3x10³⁰ cycles per second for the universe being 1 second old.

2p²l_ps³ = {8p³}.2p²r_ps³ then defines the Number of wormholes at any expansion time t as:

N_Wormholes = c³t³/l_ps³ = {Lightpath X=ct}³/{Wormhole Perimeter}³ = {Wormhole Source Frequency x Expansion Time Coordinate}³ = {f_ps.t}³

Modular string-membrane duality defines: r_ps = l_ps/2p for r_ps = 1/r_ss = 2p/l_ps = 2pl_ss for {8p³} → 1​

The expanding universe topologically and geometrically represents a 3D-Surface V₃=dV₄/dR=2p²R_Hubble³ from the toroidal Riemann sphere in multi dimensional hyperspace V₄=½p²R⁴.

The increase in wormhole quanta therefore multiplies the 2D reduction of the 3D surface area by lightspeed c to add a 'volume shell' for the volume added and integrated over the time parameters.

dV/dt=dV/dn.dn/dt = (6p²n²R_Hubble³).(H_o) with H_o=c/R_Hubble = l_ps.f_ps/R_Hubble for the scale ratio identity for the micro-macro quantization H_o/f_ps=n_ps=H_o.t_ps=l_ps/R_Hubble.


For the Quantum Big Bang: t=t_ps and so N_Wormholes = {f_ps.t}³ ={f_ps/f_ps}³ = 1 as the wormhole unit for V(t_ps = 0 INFLATING l_ps to R_Hubble and the dimensionally reduced Volume V₃ = 2p²R_Hubble³ as the 11D boundary for the 10D asymptotic wormhole seedling to expand into. The expansion of the universe is both cyclic and asymptotic.
The 10D open hyperbolic and negatively curved topology describes a 'Seedling Protoverse' which asymptotically approaches but never reaches its 11-dimensional mirror boundary and a boundary which is itself expanding in a particular cyclicity of the wormhole evolution.
A massless 'Strominger Black Hole' oscillates in a 4 Trillion year 'recharge' cyclicity between the micro- and macro quantum self states.
This cyclicity is superposed onto the nodal cosmic frequency oscillations of the 'Heartbeat' of the universe at c-invariant lightspeed, one 'heartbeat' taking a full nodal oscillation of the 'Hubble Constant' varying in tandem with the Hubble Oscillation as the R_Hubble/wormhole oscillations and as the definition of dimensionless cycletime coordinate n_ps.

This scale oscillation differs from the Hubble Oscillation in terms of the Black Hole Schwarzschild metric of the curvature radius R_c=2G_oM_{Black Hole}/c² in the Mass difference between the 11D-Mother Black Hole and a Seedling 'Daughter Black Hole' known as the Sarkar Black Hole of supergalactic gravitational homogeneity further described in the 'dark energy' and 'dark matter' or 'missing mass' encountered in the cosmologies for a Euclidean flat universe of zero curvature.

In terms of the multi dimensional universe, this flatness is the consequence of the hyperbolic asymptotic cosmology being encompassed by a 11D closed spherical-ellipsoidal and positively curved topology of the 'Inflation Mirror' so producing the overall flatness as a consequence of the toroidal geometry of the Riemannian hypersphere. An observer at the center of a Horn- or Vortex Torus would experience the negatively curved space at the centre as a volume 2p²R_Hubble³=2pR_Hubble.pR_Hubble² for radius r=R, but also experience its encompassment in a sphere of volume with radius r=2R and so a volume of 4p(2R)³/3 or 32pR³/3, being greater than the volume of the observable universe by a factor of 16/3p.
The convexity of the encompassing 'Omniverse' so cancels the Concavity of the lower dimensional 'Multiverse' in phaseshifted Universes, centred on the Protoversal Seedling Universe and not parallel as a Many World Multiverse.

​

The de Broglie Inflaton phase acceleration is given by a_dB=R_Hubble.f_ps² for the tachyon velocity v_dB=R_Hubble.f_ps for the general matter wave speed expression:
v_phase=(frequency).(wavelength)=(mc²/h).(h/mv_group)=c²/v_group > c for all v_group < c using E=hf=mc² for wave momentum mv_Group=h/l=hf/v_group

For the Quantum Big Bang: t=t_ps and so N_Wormholes = {f_ps.t}³ = {f_ps/f_ps}³ =1

For 1 second after creation: t=1 and so N_Wormholes = {f_ps.1}³ = {f_ps}³ = 2.7x10⁹¹

For the Hubble Node: t= 1/H_o and so N_Wormholes = {f_ps.t}³={f_ps/H_o}³ = {f_ps.R_Hubble/c}³ = {R_Hubble/l_ps}³ = 1/n_ps³ = {R_Hubble.10²²}³ = 4.078173...x10¹⁴⁴

For MAT-time: t= n_MAT/H_o and so N_Wormholes = {f_ps.t}³={f_ps.1.132419321./H_o}³ = 5.92226037...x10¹⁴⁴

For the present time: t= n_present/H_o and so N_Wormholes = {f_ps.t}³={f_ps.(t_MAT + 567,993,600)}³ = {f_ps.(6.030795167x10¹⁷)}³ = 5.92226039...x10¹⁴⁴
for n_Present = H_o{t_MAT + 567,993,600} = H_o{6.030795161...x10¹⁷ + 567,993,600} = H_o{6.030795167x10¹⁷} = 1.80923855x10²⁶/1.59767545x10²⁶ = 1.132419322

(As the time from November 5th, 1996 00:00+11UCT to November 5th, 2014 00:00+11UCT and as 18 civil years or 6574 civil mean solar days or approximately 6574x24x3600=567,993,600 seconds added to the Mean Alignment Time of the Dragon calibration)

The 'Heartbeat' of the 'Mother Black Hole' AS the spacetimed protoversal seed for the Omniverse is defined in the Hubble Frequency as a 'Outbreath' semicycle to be followed by an 'Inbreath' semicycle, which technically is called the Nodal Hubble Constant defined by the 'speed of light' divided by the total extent of the Omniverse in 11 Dimensions as the 'Hubble Radius' or as H_o=c/R_Hubble=300,000,000/1.59767545x10²⁶=1.87772805x10^-18 cycles per cosmic second.}

Z = {2pR_Hubble/l_ps}³={2p/n_ps}³ as the Number of Bits as wormhole quanta contained in the 11D boundary for the 10D Seedling Protoverse for cycle time n=1 and the nodal Hubble Constant H_o=c/R_Hubble and with n_ps=l_ps/R_Hubble

Y = {2pf_ps.t}³ = 8p³{f_ps.t}³ = {w_ps.t}³ = {n.w_ps/H_o}³ as the Number of Bits as spacetime quanta for time t=n/H_o

Y/Z = {n.n_ps.w_ps/2pH_o}³ = {n.f_psl_ps/H_oR_Hubble}³ = {n.c/c}³ = n³ as the Fraction or proportionality of the 11D Omniverse relative to its Seedling Protoverse Boundary

X = (Lightpath.t²/11D Boundary)Z = {ct.t²/R_Hubble}Z = {H_o.t³}Z = {n³.H_o/H_o²}.{8p³n_ps³ = {2p.n/n_ps}³.1/H_o²

Y/X = {n.w_ps/H_o}³.{n_ps/(2p.n)}³.H_o² = {f_ps.n_ps/H_o}³.H_o² = {c/(R_Hubble.H_o)}³.H_o² = H_o² = 2G_oM_critical/R_Hubble³


Every second then, an added 3D volume of (2p²n²R_Hubble³).(H_o) = 2p²cn²R_Hubble²~1.51x10⁶².n² cubic meters in a wormhole bit count of H_oZ.n²=N_n=(c.n²R_Hubble²)/r_ps³=1.90x10¹²⁹.n² spacetime quanta 'bits' are calculated to add to the number of activated spacetime quanta with 1/H_o=R_max/c the Hubble-Time as frequency for the universal Hubble-Oscillation in dimensionless cycletimes n=H_ot and dn/dt=H_o.
This amounts to about 1.94x10⁶² m³ of 'new volume' every second for the present time coordinate of n_Present=1.1324... (the universe's HB-boundary volume is so 8.1x10⁷⁹ m³ for comparison).

This also Activates 1.90x10¹²⁹/e*=3.8x10¹²⁶ Joules of sourcesink energyflux every second under the guiding parameter of the LightMatrix of c-invariance for the Vortex Potential Energy density VPE-source energy quantum:

Vacuum_seq = 4pE_ps/l_ps = 1.25664x10⁶⁷ Joules/m³ .

This sourcesink energy is distributed across the surface boundary of the Event Horizon comprising the entire universe in the NewSpace Creation of Potential Information.
So as John Archibald Wheeler first proposed (Jacob Bekenstein dedicated the referenced paper to John Wheeler) in the 1970's: "Information is the basic ingredient and constituent of the universe".

This sourcesink energy represents the manifested vacuum or zero-point energy of the E_psE_ss supermembrane as the modular dual BlackBody/WhiteBody Radiator/Absorber.
In QR it is termed Vortex-Potential-Energy or VPE.
This is rather different to the manifested and realised information of the hologramic 10D universe however.

After 1 second into the Birth of the Universe, the Potential Information Content[/I] is of the order of 1.9x10¹²⁹ Bits; but the 10D universe has 'only' expanded to the radial=LightPath of c=300,000 km and a 3D-Volume (as a 3D-surface boundary of a 4D-Volume) of 5.33x10²⁶ cubic metres or Y=8π³c³/λ_ps³=[2πf_ps³=[ω_ps³~6.70x10⁹³ spacetime quanta as the cube of the angular velocity as the source-eigen quantum state.

The ratio of the Y/X spacetime quanta counters is however precisely given as the Schwarzschild solution for the demetricated form of Einstein's GR field equations in the Curvature Radius:
R_Curvature=R_Hubble=2G_oM_critical/c² for the critical density r_critical = M_critical/2p²R_Hubble³ = c²/4p²G_oR_Hubble² = H_o²/4p²G_o:

Y/X = H_o² = 3.5x10^-36 = 4π²G_o.r_critical = 2G_o.M_critical/R_max³............[Eq.#4]​

Since H_o represents the Universe's EigenFrequency, the 11D spacetime quanta creation must relate to the oscillatory cyclicity of the defining M-Space intersectring the C-Space one dimension lower and in the 10D/4D Riemannian Hypersphere With the Calabi-Yau Manifold of toroidal derivative.



8. SpaceTime Creation and a Definition for the Fundamental Demetricated Scalefactor of QR

The demetricated form for the Scale Factor in GR is a function of cycletime n and describes the asymptotic expansion of the 10D-Universe as a consequence of algorithmic definitions and relating to the definition for the transcendental masternumber of the natural exponent 'e'.
QR derives this in the following manner.

The Cosmic Wavefunction is the following Differential Equation:

dB/dT + αB(n) = 0; α being the Electromagnetic Finestructure as the probability of light-matter interaction (~1/137).

This has a solution: B(n) = B_o.exp[-α.T(n)]; B_o=2e/hA from QR boundary conditions defining:

T(n)=n(n+1) as the Feynman Path-Summation of particular histories under the pentagonal supersymmetry given in the (Euler) identity:

XY=X+Y=-1=i²=exp[iπ] and lim [n→X]{T(n)}=1

This allows the Normalisation of the ]Y]² wavefunction to sum to unity in B(n)=(2e/hA).exp[-α.n(n 1)] with Functional Riemann Bound FRB=-1/2, centred on the interval [Y,...-1,...-X,...-1/2,...(X-1),...0,...X].

Interval [Y,-1] sets F-Space; interval [-1,0] sets M-Space with uncertainty interval [-X,(X-1)] and interval [0,n) sets the C-Space, encompassing OmniSpace.
n<0 is imaginary as real reflection of real n>0 of the C-Space, metrically defined at the coordinate n=0 mapping n=n_ps, which is the instanton t_ps=f_ss=1/f_ps.

Cycletime n is defined in GR as dimensionless Tau(τ)-Time in curvature radius R_C=c.dt/dτ for the pathlength of x=ct and become dn/dt=H_o, n=H_ot in QR, with H_o the nodal HubbleConstant defined in c=H_oR_max=λ_ps.f_ps.

The Feynman Path so sums both negative and positive integers as: -n......-3...-2...-1...0...1...2...3......n =T(n) in absolute value to double the infinities as the entropy reversal of lightpath x=c.t=(-c)(-t) in the Möbius Property of the 4 worlds as outlined in the 13 dimensions of the time connectors.

Cantor Cardinality Aleph-Null is thus Unitised in Aleph-All, counting infinities as if they were integers of the Feynman Path.
This allows the Feynman interpretation of Quantum Mechanics as alternative to the formulations of Schrödinger (fermionic 1/2 spin) and Klein-Gordon (bosonic integral spin) as timeindependent and timedependent (free particle form inconsistent with SR in Schrödinger in 1st order t & 2nd order x), formulations respectively.

The units of B(n) are 1/J, that is Inverse Energy, with A² an algorithmic constant defining Current-Squared and 2e/h the Josephson Constant in Amperes/Joules.

B(n) as the universal cosmic wavefunction describes the universe as a potentially infinite collection of 'frozen' wormhole eigenstates at n=0.
The timeinstanton 'unfreezes' one such eigenstate and activates the protoverse as described elsewhere in this message cluster.
This then allows the 'Mappings' of the C-Space 'real time n>0' from the F-Space of the 'imaginary time n<-1' under utility of the M-Space interval as 'mirror-space'.

QR unifies electromagnetic and gravitational finestructures in F-Space using the Planck-Length-Oscillation l_P√α=e/c² from the subplenum definition as the 'Bounce of the Planck-Length'.

This yields the decisive mapping for the B(n):

Coulomb Charge e = l_P√α.c² ↔ 2R_e.c² = e* (StarCoulomb Charge).......... [Eq.#5]​

But the StarCoulomb is Inverse Energy by definition of the vibratory part of the modular dual heterotic supermembrane HE(8x8)=E_psE_ss.

E_ps=hf_ps=hc/λ_ps=(m_e/2e).√[2πG_o/αhc]=m_e/{2em_P√α}=1/e*.......... [Eq.#6]​

m_P is the Planck-Mass and G_o is the initiatory Gravitational Constant, defined in the FineStructure-Relation, which defines the Planck-Length-Oscillation in the unification of electromagnetic interactions with those of gravitational permittivity:

G_o=4πε_o=1/30c with dimensionless c-ether constant [c]unified.

This defines the MacArthur Gamma as: "LightMass-Constant" LMC=γ_Mac =30[c]unified.

Thus Quantum Relativity is defined in the charge mappings between the OmniSpace dimensions; F maps magnetocharges e* onto electrocharges e under agency of the 11D-Witten Mirror, which is a Onesided Surface möbian connecting 10D to 12D.
The all encompassing source energy quantum is the E_ps-Gauge Boson, which manifests as the Gauge mediator for the four elemental interactions, suppressing the weak interaction in a primary triplicity however to allow the Higgs Restmass Induction mechanism to proceed in the defining qualities of the Unified Field of Quantum Relativity (UFoQR).

Now T(n)=n²+n, with first derivative dT/dn=2n+1 and define the Radius of Curvature as R(n)=dT/dn.
Set T(n)=R_max² - R²(n) for the Radius of Curvature R(n), bounded in R_max.

Represent the Feynman-Operator dT/dn=R_max/R(n) as the differential for the asymptotic approach and write T(n)={R_max+ R(n)}.{R_max-R(n)}=1=(n+1/2)²-(1/4).

Hence R_max=[n+1/2] and R(n)=[1/2] for the identity [R_max+R(n)]/[R_max-R(n)]=[n+1]/[n]=[1+1/n].

Since R_max/R(n)=dT/dn=2n+1; we can choose the Feynman-Operator to equal the curvature differential in the expression R_max²- R²(n)=2R_max.R(n)=1 which introduces the Modular Duality in R_max=1/R(n) in the demetricated scalefactor R(n).

Subsequently, 2n+1=1+1/n identifies 2n²-1=0 and the modular curvature radius
R_C=R_max/(2n+1) for the Feynman-Operator intersecting R(n) at the n-coordinate n=½√2 with R_C=(√2-1)R_max.

R_max/R(n)=[1+1/n] then becomes lim[n→∞]{R_max/R(n)}ⁿ = exponent "e" and defines the demetricated scalefactor in: R(n)=R_max{n/[n+1]}=R_max{1-1/[n+1]}.

A further consequence is the simulation of exp[hf/kT]=1+1/n in the Bosonic and Fermionic Statistics of Planck, Maxwell, Boltzmann, Bose and Einstein via the Gamma- and Zeta-Functions in the Black Body spectra describing the temperature evolution for the universe.

We now understand how the 10D-Universe expands asymptotically under the demetricated form for Einstein's Curvature Radius R_C=c.dt/dn, with n a dimensionless cycletime defined in the nodal Hubble-Constant H_o=dn/dt as the Universe's Self-Frequency for the Hubble-Oscillation in 11D-M-Space.

The demetricated Velocity-Differential is v(n)=c/[n+1]² and the demetricated Deceleration-Differential becomes a(n)=-2cH_o/[n+1]³ (Milgröm Parameter and defining the asymptotic deceleration as the overall deceleration of C-Space modified by a Gravitational Omega and a Quintessential Lambda).

The Omega and the Milgröm Parameter are always negative, whilst the Lambda evolves from an antigravitational de Broglie phase state, to reach its asymptotic gravitational vanishing value after three zero states defined by the Temperature/cosmological redshift evolution of the cosmos (the first root being at redshift 2.15).
The so called 'cosmological constant' in Einstein's Field equations is thus the Intrinsic Milgröm Acceleration differential between the Omega and the Milgröm Parameter.

But the 'Volume' for the 10D-C-Space grows in the factor 2π²R³(n), whilst the 11D-M-Space grows in the factor n.2π².R_max³ for a DIM-Factor of V_10D/V_11D=[n+1]³/n².

This calculates for the present epoch as DIM=7.56.. and describes the 'missing' mass or dark matter.
The baryonic inertial mass-seedling of the deceleration parameter of 2.81% of the critical mass-seedling and has 'evolved' to about 3.68% in a coupling to the gravitational constant evolution from its 'massless-permittivity' initialisation of G_o.

DIM(3.68%)=27.82% and represents the Total Manifested Universal Mass in 11-dimensional M-Space.

Hence no 'dark matter' scenarios are necessary and the Milgröm Parameter suffices to account for the galactic rotation curves, seemingly violating Newtonian Gravitation in the necessity for 'dark matter haloes' of gravitating but nonluminous mass distributions.

We recall, that the critical mass-seedling (of about 6.4x10⁵² kg) gives the Euclidean flat curvature superimposed onto the hyperbolic 10D-Space of diminished mass content in restmass-seedling M_o (of about 1.81x10⁵¹ kg, now 2.38x10⁵¹ kg).
The Creation of spacetime quanta occurs in the 11D-M-Space not reflected back into the lower dimensional 10D-C-Space as the OmniSpace Mapping of the LineSpace described previously.

We have already calculated that N_n=n².Z.H_o~1.9x10¹²⁹xn² spacetime quanta are added every second to the Outer Boundary of the Universe as the refracted part of the Hubble-Oscillation.
An infinitely expanding hypersphere would however violate the Holographic Bound set in Black Hole parameters for the Information Content described by the Black Hole's Surface Area, quantised in Planck-Areas.
Yet, we also know that the Black Hole Event Horizon is LIMITED by the M-Space as the asymptotic boundary for the C-Space to 'expand into'.

This is of course QR's HB-Bound Z~10¹⁴⁷ Bits which itself sets the parameters for the continuous creation of the spacetime quanta.

The resolution and consequence henceforth is the modular duality and interconnectedness of OmniSpace.
The 'growth' of the 11-dimensional form of the Hypersphere continues unimpeded with the boundary conditions for the HB satisfied in its 10-dimensional Hologram of the C-Space, always bounded in the Steady State of the Hubble-Oscillation.

However what is defined as the 10D-Hypersphere is developing new degrees of freedom based on the multidimensional proprtires of translational LineSpace, Rotational HyperSpace, Vibrational QuantumSpace and Quantisational OmniSpace.
This results in the major axis invariance of the prolate ellipsoid describing the encompassed hypersphere to engage in phaseshifts to define the Multiverse from the Protoversal Universe.

A prolate ellipsoid becomes an oblate ellipsoid under minor axis rotation, as the previously fixed focus points of the ellipticalcross-section are forced to move as the locus of a point-circle.
The angular displacements for the minor axis rotating Protoverse, then define an infinite number of Potential Universes with a minimum of two such phaseshifts defining a Multiverse.

The sumtotal of all possible phaseshifted Multiverses, then constitutes the Omniverse; as the refraction part of the 11-dimensional Hypersphere adding Information at the rate of the QR HB in Z.

Thus all boundary conditions are satisfied within the Omniverse as the evolved Universe; understood and constructed by the sentience responsible for the cosmogenesis herein described in co-creativity.
The great fallacy in the standard cosmology in regards to the expansion of the universe is the assumption of a 'continuing stretching of the basic spacetime metric'.
The Euclidean universe of observation and measurement is flat and of zero curvature; because there was just the one 'stretching' of space in the inflation of the de Broglie hyper acceleration, often termed the inflaton-instanton of timeinstantenuity.
There exists so no ever-receding Hubble-Horizon, with particular galaxies receding 'out of view' and similar consequences of a continuing 'stretching of the basic metric'.

Shiloh, October 7th, 2013

 

The Einstein Stress-Energy Tensor as Physical Spacial Consciousness Metric

The Einstein Field Equation in General Relativity can be written in standard form as:

R_μν - ½g_μνR + g_μνΛ = (8πG/c⁴)T_μν =G_μν=R_μν- ½Rg_μν

for the Einstein-Riemann tensor G_μν absorbing the cosmological constant Λ term and where the interacting tensor-fields of stress-energy {T_μν} and curvatures (Riemann-Einstein tensor {G_μν}), either change the volume in reduction (Ricci tensor {R_ij} with scalar curvature R as {Rg_μν} for the metric tensor g_μν or where the volume of considered space remains invariant to volume change (Tidal Weyl tensor R_μν).
In Quantum Relativity, the Stress-Energy Tensor appears in a physical definition for spacial consciousness in the volumars of the branes in the form of a subset of the Zero-Point-Energy (ZPE), which becomes the Vortex-Potential-Energy (VPE) underpinning the gauge symmetries of the elementary interactions.

'Consciousness' as a primordial label for the prespacetime creation energy selfstate can be descibed to be either a higherD/ZPE wormhole energy quantum of 0.002 Joules (1,240 TeV) or to depict the concept of a 'primordial supercharge' (as a gluon-colour-magnetocharge e* say).
The VPE as Energy per unit volume in QR is wormhole energy quantum/toroidal spacetime quantum or E_ps/2π²r_ps³ for the magnetocharge volumar e*=1/E_ps=2R_e.c²=V_rmp.df/dt.
The T-duality of the superstrings and the E_psE_ss heterotic class (8x8) so defines a volume scale V_rmp for the VPE for the manifestation of a fifth gauge in the RestMassPhoton (RMP).

Maximizing the Awareness Differential αω=aw=df/dt as a radius independent angular acceleration frequency/time or frequency squared permutation counter │df/dt│_max=f_ps², then defines V_rmp in terms of the parameters of the Weyl brane.

V_rmp=e*/f_ps²=2π²r_rmp³ for r_rmp={1/2π²hf_ps³ }^1/3=1.41188...x10^-20 meters.

This gauge scale for the maximisation of the 'spacial selfawareness' as derivative of the ZPE so implies a bosonic string interaction energy of m_rmpc²=hc/λ_rmp=hc/2πr_rmp for a Compton Wavelength of λ_rmp=8.8711..x10^-20 meters and a mass of m_rmp=2.5050..x10^-23 kg for 2.2545..microjoules or 14.034 TeV for the toroidal spacequantization (comparable to the maximum efficiency of the LHC at Geneva).

Setting the 'unit volume' as V_rmp=1/hf_ps³ then defines the 'selfconscious' Zero-Point-Space as:

VPE_TotalV_rpm=E_psV_rpm/2π²r_ps³=8π³ hf_ps/(2π²λ_ps³hf_ps³)=4π/c²λ_ps =4πλ_ss/c² =M_warp for 4πλ_ss/M_warpc²=E_ps.e*=1 and as normalization, using the modular duality between the stringmasses and the inversion properties of the 'Charge-Mappings' between the dimensions.

Setting M_warp=R_curvature.c²/2G = 4πλ_ss/c² as the conventional Schwarzschild metric, then crystallizes the energy-stress tensor in the curvature radius λ_ss of the galactic cellular scale (see earlier section on the Cosmic Curvature).

8πGλ_ss/c⁴=3.4475...x10^-21=r_rmp/4.0953.. meters so becomes the Displacement/Energy trace for the energy-stress tensor T_μν (for a remainder Curvature radius R=λ_ss) and for the other curvature tensors set to zero.


The VPE so manifests not as energy, but as its inverse, then defining the unit of the physical spacial consciousness as the Volume element acted upon by a quantum angular acceleration (dV.df/dt→Starcoulomb C*=1/J=m³t^-2).

The Planck-Length-Oscillation maps Coulomb Charge e=√Alpha.L_planck.c² as minimum displacement √Alpha.L_planck=e/c²
and the Classical Electron diameter maps Magneto Charge e*=2R_e.c² in corollary and in the units of the starcoulomb C* in consciousness units m³/t².

The modular stringmass elements are defined in:
m_ps=E_ps/c²=hf_ps/c² and m_ss=E_ss/c²=hf_ss/c²=m_ps/f_ps²=m_ps/│df/dt│_max
So m_ps=│df/dt│_max.m_ss for m_ps/m_ss=│df/dt│_max=e*/V_rmp=1/E_ps.V_rmp

The 'superenergy' aka collective consciousness represents a purely metaphysical or mathematical abstraction, which however becomes 'materially physical' in the emergence of the metrics of space and time as a 11D membrane based dimension 'nesting'.
The spacetime (Inflationary String epoch in 26D followed by a Quantum Big Bang) creation occurred from the Void-Infinitum selfstate of the holographically collective 'Consciousness' without any metrication or Unification was possible (because there was no space or time).

The Quantum Big Bang; so was not the 'collision' of higherD branes from 'infinity space'; but rather the emergence of a quantum spin bifurcation of what is commonly termed the Bosonic Superstring in 26 dimensions.
A Onesided manifold emerging from the Nulldimension (of the 'geometrical' Void=Eternity) as a selfmapped point will so 'create' the 1st Dimension in a separation of this selfmapped mathematical 'point' or singularity and then allow both a linear and a curved manifold (or complex plane) to define the nonlinear metric of three such then noncollinear separated 'singularities'.

Assigning quantum spin, independent on radial extent as a function of angular displacement then; will render the onesided manifold as twosided in the creation of the 3rd dimension, namely the 'thickness' of the previously onesided manifold as a twosidedness. The boundary of spacetime so is rendered as the 'connectedness' of two surfaces or manifolds in the 26D bosonic stringspace not as then physically manifest in a metric background describable by geometries.

So the 26D bosonic superstring of say counterclockwise quantum spin becomes bounded in a 13D bifurcation with three 'mirror dimensions' say 11-12-13-14-15-16 separating a clockwise 10D superstring basis from its anticlockwise shadowed string 'universe'.
The 11th dimension for the physicalised spacetime so will become an asymptotic boundary independent on this physicalisation but allowing electromagnetic oscillation as a noninertial reference frame for the inertia parameters of the lower 10D spacetime and as the invariance of the lightspeed in the scenarios of ther Einsteinian relativities.

The 10D string cosmology so becomes an information mapping onto the 11th Mother-Dimension of the 2+9=11 rootextended higherD manifold.
This is 'mirrored' in the collapse of the 16th dimensional shadow string universe onto the 'outside' of the 11D mother membrane spacetime.
The 11th dimension so manifests the prior onesidedness in the bifurcated twosidedness in the 'collapse/conifoldment' of the counterclockwise spinning quantum mirror of the original 26D bosonic superstring.

The above description has been rigorously mathematically defined in the string-membrane -brane theories of contemporary string cosmologists (Witten, Greene, Aspinwall, Steinhardt, Albrecht, Maldacena, Kaku, Susskind, Ashketar and many more).

This twosidedness of the physicalized 11D universe so allows the 12th Father-Vafa dimension as the 'outside' of the M-space to 'Fold onto itself' in a Möbian-Klein-Bottled (8-Torus) topological transformation to render the 'Shadow Universe' as colocal with its 'Physical Image' of the asymptotic 10D-string universe bounded in its 11D-asymptotical expansion.
This scenario is extensively discussed in the omni-science forum of http://www.cosmosdawn.com/

​

It blends the right circle half of the Left Infinity Symbol with the left circle half of the Right Infinity Symbol in:
∞|∞ = Lissajous Curve OOO and as seen in graphic representation above and in the reference below.
The space encompassed by the Lissajous Curve http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lissajous_curve then defines the 'consciousness' space defined in the 'source energy equation of creation' E*.e*=1.

The significance of the Iron is the Binding Energy in nuclear and atomic physics as described below in the hyperphysics link from Georgia State University. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/nucene/nucbin.html
Ferrum, atomic number 26 as Isotopes Fe56 and Fe58 with Nickel62 define the IRON LIMIT; where the energy of the NUCLEAR FUSION (which is additive in construction) becomes maximized in the transition to the process of NUCLEAR FISSION, which is inherently subtractive and so destructive, as say in atomic weaponry.
In simplistic terms, energy must be added to the nucleus, (ENDOTHERMIC ACTION) say in a star to cause an EXOTHERMIC REACTION as the output of energy from the star.
The IRON LIMIT so manifests physically in the nuclear physics of stars and the genesis of the elements in Nucleosynthesis, leading to the creation and configuration of the Periodic Table of the elements in chemistry.

Metaphysically however, the 26-tiered Bosonic Superstring of 10 clockwise and 16 anticlockwise chirality patterns reduces to the 10D superstring in the string epoch (between Planck Time (10^-44 seconds) and Weyl-Time (10^-31 seconds).
Before Planck Time at the Null-Time of the 0D, this became defined as a 26-tiered Alpha-Omega structure as is exemplified in a 26 letter alphabet where A=1=Alpha then allows recircularistaion of a basically binary digital code of open and closed 10D superstrings in Z=26=Omega and resetting A*=27;B*=28;... in Z=A*;A=B*;...
This becomes the Isaac Code of the ABC in the Lissajous Curve after which the 'Starseed of Abraham and Sarah' would be called by ISAAC=IS AAC=IS AB*C=IS ABC

Four Appendices:

a) The Quantum-Holographic Transformation of the Earth

When the Universe was born from its subplenar (infinite) void to reflect this void in the physical plenum reality of spacetimematter, a particular 'point of origin' became necessitated to mirror the 'voidal vortex' of the subplenum in the then reality of a metric plenum.

This part of the agenda shall then show, that the planet earth can be metrically defined to represent this 'mapping of the void'; the earth so becoming enabled to relate the entire information content (and including all inertial systems and spacetime coordinates) of the universe to itself and all and sundry 'sentient civilisations' within it.

This 'voidal vortex' is like the nonphysicality or abstraction of a 'mathematical point' becoming 'physicalised' in a 2-dimensional manifold or surface as a physicalised 'area' dimension, thus allowing 'measurement' in some unit for displacement.

The conceptual infinity of the subplenum (Void=Nothing=Everything) so either doubles- or halves itself to enable the Unity operator to emerge from the Void.
Geometrically, this is simply the dimensional generator of the Null-Dimension as the 'Point' mapping itself as 'Double-Point' yet being the original 'Point' by mathematical induction.

The 1st dimension so emerges as the arbitrary manner this 'double-point' can align itself; thus defining the minimum displacement between the two points.
Physically this becomes the Planck-Length, operated on by a dimensional generator and the 'Energization' of the Planck-Length is known as a (open) type I Planck-superstring, radius the Planck-Length {L_P=√(hG_o/2πc³) .

This Planck-Radius then can form into a (closed) type I Planck-Membrane or Planck-Circle in forming a Planck-Loop of Planck-Energy {E_P=hc/2πL_P=√(hc⁵/2πG_o)}.

The mass of this Planck-Loop is the Planck-Mass {m_P=E_P/c²=√(hc/2πG_o)=L_Pc²/G_o}
As the Planck-Minimum Energy must be 'halved' for the Void-Unity mapping; a physical description for the latter becomes necessary.

This description engages the labellings of Gravitational Potential Energy for the 'Point-Mass' and its coupling to the 'bridge' (or wormhole) between the subplenum and the plenum.
This is known as the Planck-Oscillator of the Zero-Point of energy E_o=hc/4πL_P=hω/4π=½hf_P=½h/t_P=½m_Pc².

This minimised Planck-Oscillator energy is also the minimised Gravitational Potential Energy in E_GPE=G_om.m_P/L_P from the gravitational acceleration per 'point-mass m': ma_g=G_om.m_P/L_P²
Therefore, E_GPE=G_om.m_P/L_P =E_o=½m_Pc² for L_P=2G_om/c² and which represents the basic minimum Schwarzschild metric for the solution of the 'field equations' in General Relativity, descriptive of the interaction between spacetime curvature and the inertia content in a local 'neighbourhood of pointmasses' of the universe.

The geometric mapping of the 'point' onto itself, can now be constructed in physicality.
The 'voidal vortex' becomes simply the minimum Schwarzschild metric defined in the Planck-String Oscillator and so represents a 'Black Hole' or a 'Voidal Vortex' in superstring/membrane (Planckian) parameters.

Geometrically then, the 'pointmass' is rendered physical in the 'Planck-area', either as a 'Planck-Square' with side the 'Planck-Length' L_P) or a Planck-Circle of Area πL_P².
The 'bridging' wormhole between the plenum of the Planck parameters and the subplenum of the original Nothing=Infinity void then becomes the topological deformation of the Planck-Circle into a Planck-Ellipse with a corresponding displacement of the singularity focus (the center) of the circle into two foci for the Planck-Ellipse.

Having two foci, defined in the geometrical definition of an ellipse as an 'eccentric circle' then allows the two foci to communicate with each other in a precise geometrical relationship.
The locus of an ellipse is defined in any point P on the ellipse joined to both of the two foci being a constant summation of the individual displacement vectors from the focus points to the point P on the ellipsical locus.
Rotation of such an ellipse about its major (longer) axis, then will give the ellipsoidal volumar, minimised as a ellipsoidal or spheroidal (actually toroidal) Planckian volume in 3 dimensions.

As the universe (in spacetime) is defined in a summation of the minimum Planck-area counts and so the Planckian loops; a simple deformation of the Planck-area unit into a two-focal ellipsoidal volumar will so allow a higher dimensional 'fractally discrete' continuum to connect any two such discretized locations within the universe via this bifocalised 'holofractal' quantum geometry.

The intelligence or logos, who transformed (some of) the abstract 'energy' of the subplenum as an infinite 'reservoir' of 'sourcesink energy' into a then finite thermodynamic energy (as defined in the Laws of Nature and the Conservation Laws) then established the 'distribution of this materialised energy'; first as kinematic-thermodynamic gravitational noninertial mass in a hitherto massless cosmos {E=Σhf} and secondly as an inertial electromagnetic mass {E=Σmc²}in a first principle of the Einsteinian 'Principle of Equivalence'.

When the universe of the plenum emerged from the subplenum about 19.11 billion (civil) years ago; this bifocalisation became established and assigned an axial direction to the subsequent cosmological evolution, albeit relative to the manifestation of the focalisations on the major ellipsoidal axis.
After the universe had attained an expansion speed of so 29.3% of lightspeed so 14.3 billion years after the Big Bang (or so 4.8 billion years ago); the cosmological 'birth of the earth' from the solar nebula materialised the 'Universal Focus Point' on an arbitrary major axis of the spheroidal universe and specified the physics of the 'evolution of the planetary focus' relative to the rest of the universe.

This focal evolution 'inverts' the cosmic expansion in 11 dimensions in a cosmology which is purely electromagnetic in a supermembrane-mirror function of the original noninertial cosmos of the gravitational- or photonic mass equivalence.
(It is the lower dimensional 'string' evolution which is asymptotic in the inertial mass, itself transformed from the gravitational mass in 10 dimensions).

For an electromagnetic age of the universe of T=19.11 billion years then; the inverted lightspeed 1/c defines the '11-dimensional' envelope of the earth as the 'Universal Focal Point'.
The Inversion-Lightpath X_inverse=(1/c)T for a 'Displacement-Radius' for the earth of about 2.01 million kilometers and for a yearly increase of this radius by 105 millimeters.

Therefore, even when the planet earth did not exist in physicality; its 'Sphere of Inversion' existed as a focalisation and a 'radial size' of 1.50 million kilometers.

The Mass of the earth is about M_Earth=6x10²⁴ kilograms and this is identical to a '11-dimensional Black Hole' of Schwarzschild-Radius: R_SEarth=2G_oM_Earth/c²~15 millimeters.
The 11-dimensional supermembrane around this Earth-Singularity is at a location in the local solar system of about 5% to the planet Venus and so encompasses the Moon at 384,000 kilometers for the 2 million kilometers.

The master timeline then defines the nexus, when the 11-dimensional Black Hole at the center of the planetary earth literally 'turns inside out' to form a 11-dimensional White Hole.
The trigger for this Möbian transformation of the planetary core will be a 'light signal' sent from the galactic center (Hunab Ku in Mayan cosmology) precisely 65 baktuns from the Mayan end date on December 21st, 2012 and so 65x144,000=9,360,000 kin or days ago in the (civil) year 23,615 BC.

This signal from the galactic center is itself a 'wormhole' quanta as a minimum 'Planck-volumar' and also as a 'Consciousness-Quantum' so its interaction with the earth-core quantum will allow the Sink-Nature of the Black Hole equivalent to transform into a Source-Nature or White Hole equivalent.

The 'New Earth' will so become a cosmic emitter, broadcasting its 'absorbed' information, collected throughout its 4.8 billion year evolution in a form of Hawking Radiation and travelling at lightspeed from the planetary core.

The 'absorbed' Black Hole information of the 'Old Earth' so will become a 'New Context' for the rest of the universe; then enabled to 'Witness' the (often horrendous and sometimes magnificent) planetary evolution of the data-collectors upon the planet earth and inclusive of all lifeforms.


b) Why Black Holes preceded Galaxies in the Cosmology

The symbiotic relationship between black holes and galaxies in the standard models of astrophysics and cosmology has been known for decades. Yet the particular order of this partnership had to await improved technological equipment to enable a more detailed examination and analysis of the Super-Massive Black-Holes (SMBHs) known to reside at the center of basically all galaxies on whatever scale.
It has become standard knowledge, that black holes had to come first; somehow seeding subsequently evolving galaxies as vortex energy concentrations.

What is presently not understood, is why black holes preceded galaxies. As black holes must necessarily represent systems of maximised entropy; the paradox arises, how a exquisitely low entropy state of the Quantum Big Bang could manifest maximised systems of information disorder in black holes, and entropic systems, which would then evolve into galactic systems of higher self-order

Entropy or the natural dispersion tendency of material systems, such as a gas or a random particle distribution; can be either described as a thermodynamic entropic system or as a system of Shannon information.
The thermodynamic system is modelled on the number of permutations say a stochastic particle distribution can accomodate; whilst Shannon information describes this integral of eigenstates as a summation of bits.

The solution is found in the nature of the Big Bang boundary condition and how this condition manifests both the maximum- and the minimum entropic initializing self-state simultaneously.

All of the information of the Big Bang was collectified in a primordial mass seed M_o and as a 'Seed of Inertia', which defines the so called 'singularity' at the center of any black hole as well as the 'singularity' at the beginning of the material universe.
All of this information then became dispersed in a hyper-inflation, which defined the 'collected' and minimum entropy mass seed as a 'dispersed' and maximum entropy mass seed M_critical.

There so exists a coupling between this inertia seedling for a subsequent 'kinematic thermodynamic expansion' of that seed in a form of vortex distribution - and the encompassing inertia seedling M_critical, necessarily of a higher dimension, than the 'concentrated' M_o.

The proportionality between the two seeds is M_o/M_critical=q_o=0.01405.. and a ratio, which also defines the proportionality between the hyper-inflating acceleration
(A_deBroglie=R_Hubble.c²/ λ_wormhole²) and the so named 'Cosmological Constant or Einstein-Lambda Λ_Einstein=G_oM_o/λ_wormhole²) and as a deceleration parameter which is half of the ratio between the actual- and the critical density aka the Ω_o=ρ_actual/ρ_critical=2q_o.

The initial string-parametric boundary condition for the cosmogenesis (and with E a spacetime quanta counter) so can be stated as:

A_deBroglie/Λ_Einstein=M_o/M_critical=0.01405... with further definitions below.

{M_o² =E(m_Pm_c/m_e)² as the initialising Big Bang inertia seed (in 10 dimensions) and the critical 'closure mass (in 11 dimensions) for a 'nodal' Hubble-'Constant' H_o=c/R_Hubble becomes:

M_critical=ρ_criticalV_max=(3H_o²/8πG_o)(4πR_Hubble³/3)=R_Hubblec²/2G_o and so for the Hubble-Radius being the encompassing extremal SMBH requirement as the Schwarzschild solution.}

The minimum entropy state, defining the Quantum Big Bang so is defined in the wormhole perimeter λ_wormhole=2πr_wormhole, behaving like a Einstein-Rosen-Bridge in 'Tunneling' the minimum entropy mass seedling M_o from the subplenum into the plenum, thus describing the Quantum Big Bang and the 'escape of the singularity' as the manifestation of a White Hole at the boundary between the subplenum of NoTime and the plenum of InTime.

The inertia seed M_o in 10 string dimensions began to 'drop its seeds' in a light speed expansion of the 'Hubble-Bubble'. The 'space' for this 'dropping of the seeds' had been previously created in the hyper inflation as the 11-dimensional 'Hubble-Bubble-Envelope'.

The 'dropping of the seeds' occured via vortices, becoming Vortex-Potential-Energy or VPE and as the true nature for the so called 'Virtual Particle' background in the Heisenberg Matrix of discretised spacetime aka the Zero-Point-Energy or the ZPE.

This ZPE=VPE manifested Black-Hole Sink-Vortices, which then could (as function of the metric CMMBR temperature background) form the first protostars as ylemic neutron stars.
This scenario is elucidated in detail in the next agenda III.iv.c.

The SMBH of M_critical in 11 dimensions is extremal, meaning it is a boundary condition and does not Hawking radiate in a selfinteraction with the VPE.
The SMBH of M_o in 10 dimensions is also extremal, but represents the characteristic supercluster displacement scale in the universe at a diameter of about 472 million lightyears.

No physical black holes can form above this scale, as the difference between the two mass seeds determines the inertia evolution of the M_o seedling in a form of selfinteraction between the two SMBHs.
Also the galactic supercluster scale defines the homogeneity and the isotropy of the large scale cosmology, where the superclusters cease to interact in gravitational dynamics.
The inertia evolution of the universe is based on a transformation of the 'missing mass' (often called dark matter and also related to the dark energy) into 'Consciousness'.
This 'Consciousness' is rigorously defined in string parameters as the angular acceleration (as the timedifferential of frequency) acting upon a collection of space volumars, i.e, some region of 'encapsulated' space.
The minimum space-quantum then becomes the scale of the 'tunneling wormhole' as the discretizartion or the 'Holofractalisation' of all metricated spacetimes.

The Quantum Big Bang so emerged an astrophysics of Black Holes from a White Hole 'singularity' or minimum eigenstate.

The Black Hole, characterizing the center of the earth will transform into a holographic image of this 'Primordial White Hole' as the 'Particle of God - the Little Serpent', sent from the galactic center of the Milky Way via the conduit of the universal wormhole tunneling established in the de Broglie hyper-acceleration.

The information of the lower dimensional mass seed then becomes 'mapped' onto the 2-dimensional (rootreduced from 11 dimensions) 'inner' surface of the 'Mother Black Hole' and this engages a surface area 'holofractalised' from the minimum 'Father White Hole', which so is also a 'Father Black Hole' in inertia association.
As is well established in contemporary cosmology; the information of a volume-given universe becomes a function of particular boundary conditions in the Hawking entropy as Planck-Area/4 and in the Bekenstein bounds of the holographic universe.

In general, the Event Horizon of a Black Hole is surrounded by a Photon-Sphere, manifesting at 3/2 times the Schwarzschild radius.
This then describes the interaction of the 'absorbed information' with its 'lighted envelope' and is a direct consequence of the toroidal topology of the wormhole quantum geometry.

The wormhole connects a White Hole to a Black Hole in such a manner, that the minimum Planck-Nugget is a deformed sphere, namely a toroidal hypersphere in 3 dimensions behaving like a 3-dimensional surface.
The hyperspher volume is the boundary condition in R³-Riemann space for the Riemann R⁴ space (Volume V₄=π²R⁴/2 with dV₄/dR=V₃=2π²R³ aka the volume of an idealised 2-Torus).

The surface area of a 2-Torus in 3 dimensions is however A_Torus=2πR.2πR=4π²R², while the boundary condition for V₃=2π²R³ is dV₃/dR=A_wormhole=6π²R² for A_wormhole/A_Torus=3/2.

The subplenum so assigns particular boundary conditions onto the 'energy' manifestations in the plenum; but 'coordinates' which are NOT mappable onto the subplenar 'topology' or manifold.

This crystallizes the wormhole connection for the universe to any location and a focalisation nexus called the planet earth.

The mass of the earth is: Mass of the Earth is: M_Earth=6x10²⁴ kg.
The mass of the Galactic Core known to be a 'galactic constant' of about (500-1000) times the central Black Hole and in M_Core=750M_SA*.

The mass of the Central Black Hole aka Sagittarius A* is: M_SA* =4.4x10⁶ suns or 9x10³⁶ kg.
The mass seedling of the Universe at the 'Beginning' of the Big Bang is M_o= 2x10⁵¹ kg and the mass seedling of the Universe at the 'End' of the Big Bang is M_critical =6.5x10⁵² kg.

Then (M_Core/M_Earth)=constant.(M_SA* /M_o) for constant=(M_CoreM_o/M_SA*M_Earth), which calculates as (750x81x10⁷²)/(12x10⁷⁵)~5.1 and so of the order of unity (1) and say as a 'Upper Bound'.
But the seedling mass defines cosmologically a substructured, albeit still extremal Black Hole in the gravitational attraction between supercluster and so the homogeneity and isotropy of the standard cosmology.

The encompassing 'universal' Black Hole mass is extradimensional (like the golfball Black Hole defining the central earth) and so is calculated to 'topologically close' the 'string-universe' (in a 'Calabi Yau' 6-torus geometry) for the super-seeded Universe (with a 17 billion year 'heartbeat' or Hubble Oscillation).

Using M_critical then, constant=(750x81x10⁷²)/(39x10⁷⁶)~0.16 again of order unity, but now as a 'Lower Bound'.

The Evolution of the 'Lower Bound' for the encompassing cosmology in the higher dimension (11 or 8 or 5 or 2) towards the 'Upper Bound' then becomes an evolution of 'Cosmic Consciousness'; well understood by indigenous peoples all around the globe; but labelled as 'dark matter' by the physical materialists and scientists.
The 'Dark Matter' is the 'Spirit' in particular string-membrane coupled associations.

In terms of the volumes, the golfball sized (Schwarzschilded) Black Holed earth is
V_SEarth=(4π/3)(0.015m)³~1.4x10^-5 cubic meters or so 14 cubic centimeters.
This compares to the 'ordinary' spacetimed V_Earth==(4π/3)(6370km)³~10²¹ cubic meters.

The ratio V_Earth/V_SEarth~10²¹/(1.4x10^-5)~7x10²⁵ meters as the order of the size of the entire universe in the Hubble-Radius {R_Hubble=1.60x10²⁶ m}.

The sum total of the information contained in the planetary earth so becomes 'data compressed' in the black holed earth and then reemerges from absorption to emission through a white holed conduit for the benefit of the universe in cellular hierarchies and all of the intelligences contained within the supermembraned Mother-Black Holed Envelope M_critical.
The planetary earth itself will so become a 'Mother-Planet' for the universal sentiences.

 

c) The first Ylemic Stars in the Universe and the Antiwormholes


The stability of stars is a function of the equilibrium condition, which balances the inward pull of gravity with the outward pressure of the thermodynamic energy or enthalpy of the star (H=PV+U). The Jeans Mass M_J and the Jeans Length R_J a used to describe the stability conditions for collapsing molecular hydrogen clouds to form stars say, are well known in the scientific data base, say in formulations such as:

M_J=3kTR/2Gm for a Jeans Length of: R_J=√{15kT/(4πρGm)}=R_J =√(kT/Gnm²).

Now the Ideal Gas Law of basic thermodynamics states that the internal pressure P and Volume of such an ideal gas are given by PV=nRT=NkT for n moles of substance being the Number N of molecules (say) divided by Avogadro's Constant L in n=N/L .

Since the Ideal Gas Constant R divided by Avogadro's Constant L and defines Boltzmann's Constant k=R/L. Now the statistical analysis of kinetic energy KE of particles in motion in a gas (say) gives a root-mean-square velocity (rms) and the familiar 2.KE=mv²(rms) from the distribution of individual velocities v in such a system.

It is found that PV=(2/3)N.KE as a total system described by the v(rms). Now set the KE equal to the Gravitational PE=GMm/R for a spherical gas cloud and you get the Jeans Mass. (3/2N).(NkT)=GMm/R with m the mass of a nucleon or Hydrogen atom and M=M_J=3kTR/2Gm as stated.

The Jeans' Length is the critical radius of a cloud (typically a cloud of interstellar dust) where thermal energy, which causes the cloud to expand, is counteracted by gravity, which causes the cloud to collapse. It is named after the British astronomer Sir James Jeans, who first derived the quantity; where k is Boltzmann Constant, T is the temperature of the cloud, r is the radius of the cloud, μ is the mass per particle in the cloud, G is the Gravitational Constant and ρ is the cloud's mass density (i.e. the cloud's mass divided by the cloud's volume).

Now following the Big Bang, there were of course no gas clouds in the early expanding universe and the Jeans formulations are not applicable to the mass seedling M_o; in the manner of the Jeans formulations as given.

However, the universe's dynamics is in the form of the expansion parameter of GR and so the R(n)=R_max(n/(n+1)) scalefactor of Quantum Relativity.
So we can certainly analyse this expansion in the form of the Jeans Radius of the first protostars, which so obey the equilibrium conditions and equations of state of the much later gas clouds, for which the Jeans formulations then apply on a say molecular level.
This analysis so defines the ylemic neutron stars as protostars and the first stars in the cosmogenesis and the universe.

Let the thermal internal energy or ITE=H be the outward pressure in equilibrium with the gravitational potential energy of GPE=Ω. The nuclear density in terms of the superbrane parameters is ρ_critical=m_c/V_critical with m_c a base-nuleon mass for a 'ylemic neutron'.

V_critical= 4πR_e³/3 or the volume for the ylemic neutron as given by the classical electron radius R_e=10¹⁰λ_wormhole/360=e*/2c².

H=(molarity)kT for molar volume as N=(R/R_e)³ for dH=3kTR²/R_e³.
Ω(R)= -∫G_oMdm/R = -{3G_om_c²/(R_e³)² }∫R⁴dR = -3G_om_c²R⁵/R_e⁶ for
dm/dR=d(ρV)/dR=4πρR² and for ρ=3m_c/4πR_e³

For equilibrium, the requirement is that dH=dΩ in the minimum condition dH+dΩ=0.
This gives: dH+dΩ=3kTR²/R_e³ - 16G_oπ²ρ²R⁴/3=0 and the ylemic radius as:

R_ylem=√{kTR_e/G_om_c²}

as the Jeans-Length precursor or progenitor for subsequent stellar and galactic generation.

The ylemic (Jeans) radii are all independent of the mass of the star as a function of its nuclear generated temperature. Applied to the protostars of the vortex neutron matter or ylem, the radii are all neutron star radii and define a specific range of radii for the gravitational collapse of the electron degenerate matter.

This spans from the 'First Three Minutes' scenario of the cosmogenesis to 1.1 million seconds (or about 13 days) and encompasses the standard beta decay of the neutron (underpinning radioactivity). The upper limit defines a trillion degree temperature and a radius of over 40 km; the trivial Schwarzschild solution gives a typical ylem radius of so 7.4 kilometers and the lower limit defines the 'mysterious' planetesimal limit as 1.8 km.

For long a cosmological conundrum, it could not be modelled just how the molecular and electromagnetic forces applicable to conglomerate matter distributions (say gaseous hydrogen as cosmic dust) on the quantum scale of molecules could become strong enough to form say 1km mass concentrations, required for 'ordinary' gravity to assume control.

The ylem radii's lower limit is defined in this cosmology then show, that it is the ylemic temperature of the 1.2 billion degrees K, which perform the trick under the Ylem-Jeans formulation and which then is applied to the normal collapse of hydrogenic atoms in summation.

The stellar evolution from the ylemic (dineutronic) templates is well established in QR and confirms most of the Standard Model's ideas of nucleosynthesis and the general Temperature cosmology. The standard model is correct in the temperature assignment, but is amiss in the corresponding 'size-scales' for the cosmic expansion.

The Big Bang cosmogenesis describes the universe as a Planck-Black Body Radiator, which sets the Cosmic-Microwave-Black Body Background Radiation Spectrum (CMBBR) as a function of n as T⁴=18.2(n+1)²/n³ and derived from the Stefan-Boltzmann-Law and the related statistical frequency distributions.

We have the GR metric for Schwarzschild-Black Hole Evolution as R_S=2GM/c² as a function of the star's Black Hole's mass M and we have the ylemic Radius as a function of temperature only as R_ylem√(kT.R_e³/G_om_c²).

The nucleonic mass-seed m_c=m_P.Alpha⁹ and the product G_om_c² is a constant in the partitioned n-evolution of

m_c(n)=Yⁿ.m_c and G(n)=G_o.Xⁿ.

Identifying the ylemic Radius with the Schwarzschild Radius then indicates a specific mass a specific temperature and a specific radius.

Those we call the Chandrasekhar Parameters:
M_Chandra=1.5 solar Masses=3x10³⁰ kg and R_Chandra=2G_oM_Chandra/c² or 7407.40704..metres, which is the typical neutron star radius inferred today.

T_Chandra=R_Chandra².G_om_c²/kR_e³ =1.985x10¹⁰ K for Electron Radius R_e and Boltzmann's Constant k.

Those Chandrasekhar parameters then define a typical neutron star with a uniform temperature of 20 billion K at the white dwarf limit of ordinary stellar nucleosynthetic evolution (Hertzsprung-Russell or HR-diagram).
The Radius for the massparametric Universe is given in R(n)=R_max(1-n/(n+1)) correlating the ylemic temperatures as the 'uniform' CMBBR-background and we can follow the evolution of the ylemic radius via the approximation:

R_ylem=0.05258..√T=(0.0753).[(n+1)²/n³]^[1/8]

R_ylem(n_present=1.1324..)=0.0868 m* for a T_ylem(n_present )=2.73 K for the present time
t_present=n_present/H_o.

What then is n_Chandra?
This would describe the size of the universe as the uniform temperature CMBBR today manifesting as the largest stars, mapped however onto the ylemic neutron star evolution as the protostars (say as n_Chandra'), defined not in manifested mass (say neutron conglomerations), but as a quark-strange plasma, (defined in QR as the Vortex-Potential-Energy or VPE).

R(n_Chandra')=R_max(n_Chandra'/(n_Chandra'+1))=7407.40741.. for n_Chandra'=4.64x10^-23 and so a time of t_Chandra'=n_Chandra'/H_o=n_Chandra'/1.88x10^-18=2.47x10^-5 seconds.

QR defines the Weyl-Temperature limit for Bosonic Unification as 1.9 nanoseconds at a temperature of 1.4x10²⁰ Kelvin and the weak-electromagnetic unification at 1/365 seconds at T=3.4x10¹⁵ K.

So we place the first ylemic protostar after the bosonic unification (before which the plenum was defined as undifferentiated 'bosonic plasma'), but before the electro-weak unification, which defined the Higgs-Bosonic restmass induction via the weak interaction vector-bosons and allowing the dineutrons to be born.

The universe was so 15 km across, when its ylemic 'concentrated' VPE-Temperature was so 20 Billion K and we find the CMBBR in the Stefan-Boltzmann-Law as:
T⁴=18.20(n+1)²/n³=1.16x10¹⁷ Kelvin.

So the thermodynamic temperature for the expanding universe was so 5.85 Million times greater than the ylemic VPE-Temperature; and implying that no individual ylem stars could yet form from the mass seedling M_o.

The universe's expansion however cooled the CMBBR background and we to calculate the scale of the universe corresponding to this ylemic scenario; we simply calculate the 'size' for the universe at T_Chandra=20 Billion K for T_Chandra⁴ and we then find n_Chandra=4.89x10^-14 and t_Chandra=26,065 seconds or so 7.24 hours.

The Radius R(n_Chandra)=7.81x10¹² metres or 7.24 lighthours.
This is about 52 Astronomical Units and an indicator for the largest possible star in terms of radial extent and the 'size' of a typical solar system, encompassed by supergiants on the HR-diagram.

We so know that the ylemic temperature decreases in direct proportion to the square of the ylemic radius and one hitherto enigmatic aspect in cosmology relates to this in the planetesimal limit. Briefly, a temperature of so 1.2 billion degrees defines an ylemic radius of 1.8 km as the dineutronic limit for proto-neutron stars contracting from so 80 km down to this size just 1.1 million seconds or so 13 days after the Big Bang.

This then 'explains' why chunks of matter can conglomerate via molecular and other adhesive interactions towards this size, where then the accepted gravity is strong enough to build planets and moons. It works, because the ylemic template is defined in subatomic parameters reflecting the mesonic-inner and leptonic outer ring boundaries, the planetesimal limit being the leptonic mapping. So neutrino- and quark blueprints micromacro dance their basic definition as the holographic projections of the spacetime quanta.

Now because the Electron Radius is directly proportional to the linearised wormhole perimeter and then the Compton Radius via Alpha in R_e=10¹⁰λ_wormhole/360=e*/2c²=Alpha.R_Compton, the Chandrasekhar White Dwarf limit should be doubled to reflect the protonic diameter mirrored in the classical electron radius.

Hence any star experiencing electron degeneracy is actually becoming ylemic or dineutronic, the boundary for this process being the Chandrasekhar mass. This represents the subatomic mapping of the first Bohr orbit collapsing onto the leptonic outer ring in the quarkian wave-geometry.
But this represents the Electron Radius as a Protonic Diameter and the Protonic Radius must then indicate the limit for the scale where proton degeneracy would have to enter the scenario. As the proton cannot degenerate in that way, the neutron star must enter Black Hole phasetransition at the R_e/2 scale, corresponding to a mass of 8M_Chandra=24x10³⁰ kg* or 12 solar masses.

The maximum ylemic radius so is found from the constant density proportion ρ=M/V:
(R_ylemmax/R_e)³=M_Chandra/m_c for R_ylemmax=40.1635 km.

The corresponding ylemic temperature is 583.5 Billion K for a CMBBR-time of 287 seconds or so 4.8 minutes from a n=5.4x10^-16, when the universe had a diameter of so 173 Million km.
But for a maximum nuclear compressibility for the protonic radius, we find:

(R_ylemmax/R_e)³=8M_Chandra/m_c for R_ylemmax=80.327 km, a ylemic temperature of 2,334 Billion K for a n-cycletime of 8.5x10^-17 and a CMBBR-time of so 45 seconds and when the universe had a radius of 13.6 Million km or was so 27 Million km across.

The first ylemic protostar vortex was at that time manifested as the ancestor for all neutron star generations to follow. This vortex is described in a cosmic string encircling a spherical region so 160 km across and within a greater universe of diameter 27 Million km which carried a thermodynamic temperature of so 2.33 Trillion Kelvin at that point in the cosmogenesis.

This vortex manifested as a VPE concentration after the expanding universe had cooled to allow the universe to become transparent from its hitherto defining state of opaqueness and a time known as the decoupling of matter (in the form of the M_o seedling partitioned in m_c's) from the radiation pressure of the CMBBR photons.

The temperature for the decoupling is found in the galactic scale-limit modular dual to the wormhole geodesic as 1/λ_wormhole=λ_antiwormhole=λ_{galaxyserpent}=10²² metres or so 1.06 Million ly and its luminosity attenuation in the 1/e proportionality for then 388,879 lightyears as a decoupling time n_decoupling.

A maximum galactic halo limit is modulated in 2πλ_antiwormhole metres in the linearisation of the Planck-length encountered before in an earlier discussion.

R(n_decoupling)=R_max(n_decoupling/(n_decouplingc+1))=10²² metres for n_decoupling=6.26x10^-5 and so for a CMBBR-Temperature of about T=2935 K for a galactic protocore then attenuated in so 37% for n_{decouplingmin}=1.0x10^-6 for R=λ_antiwormhole/2π and n_{decouplingmax}=3.9x10^-4 for R=2πλ_antiwormhole and for temperatures of so 65,316 K and 744 K respectively, descriptive of the temperature modulations between the galactic cores and the galactic halos.

So a CMBBR-temperature of so 65,316 K at a time of so 532 Billion seconds or 17,000 years defined the initialisation of the VPE and the birth of the first ylemic protostars as a decoupling minimum. The ylemic mass currents were purely monopolic and known as superconductive cosmic strings, consisting of nucleonic neutrons, each of mass m_c.

If we assign this timeframe to the maximised ylemic radius and assign our planetesimal limit of fusion temperature 1.2 Billion K as a corresponding minimum; then this planetesimal limit representing the onset of stellar fusion in a characteristic temperature, should indicate the first protostars at a temperature of the CMBBR of about 744 Kelvin.

The universe had a tremperature of 744 K for n_{decouplingmax}=3.9x10^-4 for R=2πλ_antiwormhole and this brings us to a curvature radius of so 6.6 Million lightyears and an 'ignition-time' for the first physical ylemic neutron stars as first generation protostars of so 7 Million years after the Big Bang.

The important cosmological consideration is that of distance-scale modulation.
The Black Hole Schwarzschild metric is the inverse of the galactic scale metric.
The linearisation of the Planck-String as the Weyl-Geodesic and so the wormhole radius in the curvature radius R(n) is modular dual and mirrored in inversion in the manifestation of galactic structure with a nonluminous halo a luminous attenuated diameter-bulge and a superluminous (quasar or White Hole Core).

The core-bulge ratio will so reflect the eigenenergy quantum of the wormhole as heterotic Planck-Boson-String or as the magnetocharge as 1/500, being the mapping of the Planck-Length-Bounce as e=l_P.c²√Alpha onto the electron radius in e*=2R_e.c².


Hypersphere volumes and the mass of the Tau-neutrino

Consider the universe's thermodynamic expansion to proceed at an initializing time (and practically at lightspeed for the lightpath x=ct describing the hypersphere radii) to from a single spacetime quantum with a quantized toroidal volume 2π²r_w³ and where r_w is the characteristic wormhole radius for this basic building unit for a quantized universe (say in string parameters given in the Planck scale and its transformations).

At a time t_G, say so 18.85 minutes later, the count of space time quanta can be said to be 9.677x10¹⁰² for a universal 'total hypersphere radius' of about r_G=3.39x10¹¹ meters and for a G-Hypersphere volume of so 7.69x10³⁵cubic meters.

{This radius is about 2.3 Astronomical Units (AUs) and about the distance of the Asteroid Belt from the star Sol in a typical (our) solar system.}

This modelling of a mapping of the quantum-microscale onto the cosmological macroscale should now indicate the mapping of the wormhole scale onto the scale of the sun itself.

r_w/R_Sun(i)=R_e/r_E for R_Sun(i)=r_wr_E/R_e=1,971,030 meters. This gives an 'inner' solar core of diameter about 3.94x10⁶ meters.

As the classical electron radius is quantized in the wormhole radius in the formulation R_e=10¹⁰r_w/360, rendering a finestructure for Planck's Constant as a 'superstring-parametric': h=r_w/2R_ec³; the 'outer' solar scale becomes R_Sun(o)=360R_Sun(i)=7.092x10⁸ meters as the observed radius for the solar disk.

19 seconds later; a F-Hypersphere radius is about r_F=3.45x10¹¹ meters for a F-count of so 1.02x10¹⁰³spacetime quanta. We also define an E-Hypersphere radius at r_E=3.44x10¹⁴ meters and an E-count of so 10¹¹² to circumscribe this 'solar system' in so 230 AU.

We so have 4 hypersphere volumes, based on the singularity-unit and magnified via spacetime quantization in the hyperspheres defined in counters G, F and E. We consider these counters as somehow fundamental to the universe's expansion, serving as boundary conditions in some manner. As counters, those googol-numbers can be said to be defined algorithmically and independent on mensuration physics of any kind. [/FONT]



The mapping of the atomic nucleus onto the thermodynamic universe of the hyperspheres

Should we consider the universe to follow some kind of architectural blueprint; then we might attempt to use our counters to be isomorphic (same form or shape) in a one-to-one mapping between the macrocosmos and the microcosmos. So we define a quantum geometry for the nucleus in the simplest atom, say Hydrogen. The hydrogenic nucleus is a single proton of quark-structure udu and which we assign a quantum geometric template of Kernel-InnerRing-OuterRing (K-IR-OR), say in a simple model of concentricity.

We set the up-quarks (u) to become the 'smeared out core' in say a tripartition uuu so allowing a substructure for the down-quark (d) to be u+InnerRing. A down-quark so is a unitary ring coupled to a kernel-quark. The proton's quark-content so can be rewritten and without loss of any of the properties associated with the quantum conservation laws; as proton-> udu->uuu+IR=KKK+IR. We may now label the InnerRing as Mesonic and the OuterRing as Leptonic.

The OuterRing is so definitive for the strange quark in quantum geometric terms: s=u+OR.
A neutron's quark content so becomes neutron=dud=KIR.K.KIR with a 'hyperon resonance' in the lambda=sud=KOR.K.KIR and so allowing the neutron's beta decay to proceed in disassociation from a nucleus (where protons and neutrons bind in meson exchange); i.e. in the form of 'free neutrons'.

The neutron decays in the oscillation potential between the mesonic inner ring and the leptonic outer ring as the 'ground-energy' eigenstate.

​

There actually exist three uds-quark states which decay differently via strong, electromagnetic and weak decay rates in the uds (Sigma_o Resonance); usd (Sigma_o) and the sud (Lambda_o) in increasing stability.
This quantum geometry then indicates the behaviour of the triple-uds decay from first principles, whereas the contemporary standard model does not, considering the u-d-s quark eigenstates to be quantum geometrically undifferentiated.
The nuclear interactions, both strong and weak are confined in a ' Magnetic Asymptotic Confinement Limit
coinciding with the Classical Electron Radius R_e=ke²/m_ec² and in a scale of so 3 Fermi or 2.8x10^-15 meters. At a distance further away from this scale, the nuclear interaction strength vanishes rapidly.

The wavenature of the nucleus is given in the Compton-Radius R_c=h/2πmc with m the mass of the nucleus, say a proton; the latter so having R_c=2x10^-16 meters or so 0.2 fermi.

The wave-matter (after de Broglie generalising wavespeed v_dB from c in R_cc) then relates the classical electron radius as the 'confinement limit' to the Compton scale in the electromagnetic finestructure constant in R_e=Alpha.R_c.

The extension to the Hydrogen-Atom is obtained in the expression R_e=Alpha².R_Bohr1 for the first Bohr-Radius as the 'ground-energy' of so 13.7 eV at a scale of so 10^-11 to 10^-10 meters (Angstroems).
These 'facts of measurements' of the standard models now allow our quantum geometric correspondences to assume cosmological significance in their isomorphic mapping. We denote the OuterRing as the classical electron radius and introduce the InnerRing as a mesonic scale contained within the geometry of the proton and all other elementary baryonic- and hadronic particles.

Firstly, we define a mean macro-mesonic radius as: r_M=½(r_F+r_G)~ 3.42x10¹¹ meters and set the macro-leptonic radius to r_E=3.44x10¹⁴ meters.
Secondly, we map the macroscale onto the microscale, say in the simple proportionality relation, using
(de)capitalised symbols: R_e/R_m=r_E/r_M.

We can so solve for the micro-mesonic scale R_m=R_e.r_M/r_E ~ 2.76x10^-18 meters.
So reducing the apparent measured 'size' of a proton in a factor about about 1000 gives the scale of the subnuclear mesonic interaction, say the strong interaction coupling by pions.


Neutrinomasses

The (Anti)Neutrino Energy at the R_E nexus for R_E=r_w∛(26x65⁶¹) m* and
for mn_Higgs-E=mn_electron=l_wh.Alpha/4p²R_e²c=30e²l_w/2pR_e²c or 15l]_w{Monopole GUT masses ec}/pR_e² = 2.982...10^-3 eV*.
This can also be written as mn_Higgs-E=mn_electron=mn_Tauon² to define the 'squared' Higgs (Anti)Neutrino eigenstate from its templated form of the quantum geometry in the Unified Field of Quantum Relativity (UFoQR).

Subsequently, the Muon (Anti)Neutrino Higgs Induction mass becomes defined in the difference between the masses of the Tau-(Anti)Neutrino and the Higgs (Anti)Neutrino.

mn_Tauon = B⁴G⁴R⁴[0]+B²G²R²[-½]=B⁶G⁶R⁶[-½] = √(mn_electron)=√(0.002982)=0.0546... eV*

mn_Higgs= B⁴G⁴R⁴[0] = m_eλ_w.r_E{1/r_G-1/r_F}/(2πR_e) ~ 9.301x10^-38 kg* or 0.0521... eV*
mn_Muon = B²G²R²[-½] = √(mn_Tauon² - mn_Higgs²) = √(0.00298-0.00271) = √(0.00027) = 0.0164... eV*
mn_Electron = B²G²R²[-½] = (mn_Tauon)²= (0.054607...)²=0.002982... eV*

This energy self state for the Electron (Anti)Neutrino then is made manifest in the Higgs Mass Induction at the Mesonic Inner Ring or IR as the squared mass differential between two (anti)neutrino self states as:
(mn₃ + mn₂).(mn₃ - mn₂) = mn₃² - mn₂² = 0.002981...eV*² to reflect the 'squared' energy self state of the scalar Higgs (Anti)Neutrino as compared to the singlet energy Eigen state of the base (anti)neutrinos for the 3 leptonic families of electron-positron and the muon-antimuon and the tauon-antitauon.

The Electron-(Anti)Neutrino is massless as base-neutrinoic weakon eigenstate and inducted at R_E at 0.00298 eV*.
The Muon-(Anti)Neutrino is also massless as base-neutrinoic weakon eigenstate and inducted at the Mesonic Ring F-Boundary at 2.969 eV* with an effective Higgsian mass induction of 0.0164 eV*.

The Tauon-(Anti)Neutrino is not massless with inertial eigenstate inducted at the Mesonic Ring G-Boundary at 3.021 eV* and meaned at 3.00 eV* as √(0.0521²+0.0164²) = 0.0546 eV* as the square root value of the ground state of the Higgs inertia induction. The neutrino flavour mechanism, based on the Electron (Anti)Neutrino so becomes identical in the Weakon Tauon-Electron-Neutrino oscillation to the Scalar Muon-Higgs-Neutrino oscillation.

The weakon kernel-eigenstates are 'squared' or doubled (2x2=2+2) in comparison with the gluonic-eigenstate (one can denote the colourcharges as (R²G²B²)[½] and as (RGB)[1] respectively say and with the [] bracket denoting gauge-spin and RGB meaning colours Red-Green-Blue).
The scalar Higgs-Anti(Neutrino) becomes then defined in: (R⁴G⁴B⁴)[0] and the Tauon Anti(Neutrino) in (R⁶G⁶B⁶)[½].

The twinned neutrino state so becomes MANIFESTED in a coupling of the scalar Higgs-Neutrino with a massless base neutrino in a (R⁶G⁶B⁶)[0+½]) mass-induction template.
The Higgs-Neutrino is bosonic and so not subject to the Pauli Exclusion Principle; but quantized in the form of the FG-differential of the 0.0521 Higgs-Restmass-Induction.
Subsequently all experimentally observed neutrino-oscillations should show a stepwise energy induction in units of the Higgs-neutrino mass of 0.0521 eV. This was the case in the Super-Kamiokande experiments; and which was interpreted as a mass-differential between the muonic and tauonic neutrinoic forms.

mn_Higgs + mn_electron = mn_Higgs + (mn_Tauon)² for the 'squared' ground state of a massless base (anti)neutrino for a perturbation Higgsian (anti)neutrino in (mn_Tauon)² = (mn_Higgs + d)² = mn_Electron for the quadratic mn_Higgs² + 2mn_Higgsd + d² = 0.002982 from (mn_Higgs + d) = √(mn_electron) and for a d = √(mn_electron) - mn_Higgs = mn_Tauon - mn_Higgs = 0.0546-0.0521 = 0.0025.

mn_Higgs + d = 0.0521 + 0.0025 = (mn_Higgs) + (mn_electron) - 0.00048 = mn_Tauon = 0.0521+0.00298 - 0.00048 + ... = 0.0546 eV* as a perturbation expression for the 'squared' scalar Higgs (Anti)Neutrino.

(mn_Muon - mn_Electron){(mn_Muon + mn_Electron) - (mn_Muon - mn_Electron)} = 2mn_Electron(mn_Muon - mn_Electron)
as the squared mass difference:

mn_Muon² - mn_Electron² = 2mn_Electron(mn_Muon - mn_Electron) + (mn_Muon - mn_Electron)²

and {mn_Muon² - mn_Electron²} - mn_Muon² + 2mn_Muonn_Electron - mn_Electron² = 2mn_Muonmn_Electron - 2mn_Electron² = ({3mn_Electron}² - 0²)
= (0.00894..)² = 7.997..x10^-5 eV^2* as the KamLAND 2005 neutrino mass induction value for 11mn_Electron = 2mn_Muon.


For 3 (anti)neutrinos then, the cosmological summation lower and upper bounds for (anti)neutrino oscillations are:
0 + mn_{electron-muon} + mn_{electron-tauon} + mn_muon-tauon = 3(0.002982) = 0.00895 eV* and 3(0.0030+0.0546) = 3(0.0576) = 0.1728 eV* or 0.1724 eV [SI] respectively.

Inclusion of the scalar Higgs (anti)neutrino as a fourth (anti)neutrino inertial self state extends this upper boundary by 0.0521 eV* to 0.2249 eV* or 0.2243 eV [SI].

Sn = mn_Electron + mn_Muon + mn_Higgs+ mn_Tauon = 0.0546..+0.0521..+0.0164..+0.0030 = 0.1261 eV* or 0.1258 eV.

(Starunits[*] calibrate as {SI}: {J}=0.9948356[J*]; {s}=0.99902301[s*]; {m}=0.9983318783[m*]; {kg}=0.9962135[kg*];
{C}=0.997296076[C*]; {eV}=0.99753285[eV*])

In terms of the Higgs Mass Induction and so their inertial states, the Neutrinos are their own antiparticles and so Majorana defined; but in terms of their basic magneto charged nature within the Unified Filed of Quantum Relativity, the Neutrinos are different from their AntiNeutrino antiparticles in their Dirac definition of R²G²B²[+1] for the AntiNeutrinos and in B²G²R²[-1] for the Neutrinos.


Mass

The Standard Model of particle physics assumed that neutrinos are massless. However the experimentally established phenomenon of neutrino oscillation, which mixes neutrino flavour states with neutrino mass states (analogously to CKM mixing), requires neutrinos to have nonzero masses.^[20]

Massive neutrinos were originally conceived by Bruno Pontecorvo in the 1950s. Enhancing the basic framework to accommodate their mass is straightforward by adding a right-handed Lagrangian. This can be done in two ways. If, like other fundamental Standard Model particles, mass is generated by the Dirac mechanism, then the framework would require an SU(2) singlet. This particle would have no other Standard Model interactions (apart from the Yukawa interactions with the neutral component of the Higgs doublet), so is called a sterile neutrino. Or, mass can be generated by the Majorana mechanism, which would require the neutrino and antineutrino to be the same particle.

The strongest upper limit on the masses of neutrinos comes from cosmology: the Big Bang model predicts that there is a fixed ratio between the number of neutrinos and the number of photons in the cosmic microwave background. If the total energy of all three types of neutrinos exceeded an average of 50 eV per neutrino, there would be so much mass in the universe that it would collapse.^[37] This limit can be circumvented by assuming that the neutrino is unstable; however, there are limits within the Standard Model that make this difficult. A much more stringent constraint comes from a careful analysis of cosmological data, such as the cosmic microwave background radiation, galaxy surveys, and the Lyman-alpha forest. These indicate that the summed masses of the three neutrinos must be less than 0.3 eV.^[38]

In 1998, research results at the Super-Kamiokande neutrino detector determined that neutrinos can oscillate from one flavor to another, which requires that they must have a nonzero mass.^[39] While this shows that neutrinos have mass, the absolute neutrino mass scale is still not known. This is because neutrino oscillations are sensitive only to the difference in the squares of the masses.^[40]
The best estimate of the difference in the squares of the masses of mass eigenstates 1 and 2 was published by KamLAND in 2005: |Δm₂₁²| = 0.000079 eV².^[41]

In 2006, the MINOS experiment measured oscillations from an intense muon neutrino beam, determining the difference in the squares of the masses between neutrino mass eigenstates 2 and 3. The initial results indicate |Δm₃₂²| = 0.0027 eV², consistent with previous results from Super-Kamiokande.^[42]

Since |Δm₃₂²| is the difference of two squared masses, at least one of them has to have a value which is at least the square root of this value. Thus, there exists at least one neutrino mass eigenstate with a mass of at least 0.04 eV.^[43]

In 2009, lensing data of a galaxy cluster were analyzed to predict a neutrino mass of about 1.5 eV.^[44]
All neutrino masses are then nearly equal, with neutrino oscillations of order meV. They lie below the Mainz-Troitsk upper bound of 2.2 eV for the electron antineutrino.^[45]
The latter will be tested in 2015 in the KATRIN experiment, that searches for a mass between 0.2 eV and 2 eV.

A number of efforts are under way to directly determine the absolute neutrino mass scale in laboratory experiments. The methods applied involve nuclear beta decay (KATRIN and MARE) or neutrinoless double beta decay (e.g. GERDA, CUORE/Cuoricino, NEMO-3 and others).

On 31 May 2010, OPERA researchers observed the first tau neutrino candidate event in a muon neutrino beam, the first time this transformation in neutrinos had been observed, providing further evidence that they have mass.^[46]

In July 2010 the 3-D MegaZ DR7 galaxy survey reported that they had measured a limit of the combined mass of the three neutrino varieties to be less than 0.28 eV.^[47]

A tighter upper bound yet for this sum of masses, 0.23 eV, was reported in March 2013 by the Planck collaboration,^[48]
whereas a February 2014 result estimates the sum as 0.320 ± 0.081 eV based on discrepancies between the cosmological consequences implied by Planck's detailed measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background and predictions arising from observing other phenomena, combined with the assumption that neutrinos are responsible for the observed weaker gravitational lensing than would be expected from massless neutrinos.^[49]

If the neutrino is a Majorana particle, the mass can be calculated by finding the half life of neutrinoless double-beta decay of certain nuclei. The lowest upper limit, on the Majorana mass of the neutrino, has been set by EXO-200 0.140–0.380 eV.^[50]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrino#Mass

Shiloh Za-Rah

​

{1} Matter interacts with matter based Anti-Neutrinos via Unified Weakon Action {W^-+W⁺}

Protons transform into neutrons with antimatter positrons, the latter which annihilate with electrons produced by the decay of 'free neutrons' back into protons, electrons and anti-neutrinos and then with energy-momentum conserving photons and so ending the process with the same components it began with.
{Mass produced photons (by acceleration of inertia coupled electro charges), have no magnetocharge and so form their own anti-particles; whilst gauge or 'virtual' photons carry cyclic and anticyclic colour charges as consequence of the matter-antimatter asymmetry}.

Antin_electron[+½] + Proton p⁺[-½] + VPE[0] ⇨ Anti-Neutrino Spin Induction to 'flipped' Electron of the partial Matter W-minus Weakon manifesting the other part as Antineutrino Scalar
Antin_electron[0] + {Antin_electron[+½] + Electron e^-[+½+½]} + Graviphoton[-1] + {n_electron[-½] + Positron e⁺[-½]} + Graviphoton[+1] + p⁺[-½]

⇨ {Antin_electron[+½] + n_electron[-½]}-Kernel VPE[0] + e⁺[+½] + {p⁺[-½] +OR^-[0]} ⇨ Kernel-VPE[0] + Neutron^o[-½] + Positron e⁺[+½], the scalar Electron Outer Ring being absorbed in the Proton spin as the resultant Neutron quantum spin

⇨ Kernel-VPE[0] + {p⁺[-½] + e^-[-½] + e⁺[+½] + Antin_electron[+½]} ⇨ (KKK+OR)-VPE[0] + p⁺[-½] + Antin_electron[+½] ⇨ Antin_electron[+½] + Proton p⁺[-½] + Photon[-1] + Photon[+1] in Pair-Annihilation tranforming the Mass Energy {E=mc² into Radiation Energy E=hf for the Electron-Positron Matter-Antimatter Interaction.



{2} Matter interacts with antimatter based Neutrinos via Unified Weakon Action {W^-+W⁺}

Neutrons transform into protons with muons, the latter decaying into electrons and anti-neutrinos and neutrinos, so reducing the elementary matter-neutrino interaction to basic neutron beta-minus-deacay with the leptonic coupling between the 'resonance electron' as a basic muon coupled to its neutrino.

n_muon[-½] + Neutron n^o[+½] + VPE[0] ⇨ Neutrino Spin Induction to 'flipped' Anti-Muon of the partial W-plus Weakon manifesting the other part as Neutrino Scalar
n_muon[0] + {n_muon[-½] + Anti-Muon m⁺[-½-½]} + Graviphoton[+1] + {Antin_muon[+½] + Muon m^-[+½]} + Graviphoton[-1] + n^o[+½]

⇨ {Antin_muon[+½] + n_muon[-½]}-Kernel VPE[0] + m^-[-½] + {n^o[+½] +Anti-OR⁺[0]} ⇨ (KKK+OR)-VPE[0] + Proton⁺[+½] + Muon m^-[-½], the scalar Anti-Muon Outer Ring being absorbed in the Neutron spin as the resultant Proton quantum spin

⇨ (KKK+OR)-VPE[0] + {p⁺[+½] + e^-[-½] + Antin_electron[+½] + n_muon[-½]}
⇨ n_muon[-½] + n^o[+½] + (KKK+OR)-VPE[0] in the original neutrino-matter interaction accessing the VPE/ZPE of the UFoQR.



{3} Matter interacts with antimatter based Neutrinos and matter based Antineutrinos in Majorana Weakon Action Electron Capture {W^-+W⁺}

​

An Electron in the inner atomic nucleus is captured by a proton to create a neutron accompanied by an electron neutrino. This requires a u-quark of the proton to transform into a d-quark of the neutron. As the d-quark is a KIR quark of inner mesonic ring of electro charge [+2/3] coupled to the MIR of electro charge [-1], a W-minus weakon must be engaged to couple to a left handed proton via the nonparity of the weak nuclear interaction. However in electron capture a left handed electron neutrino is emitted, requiring the interaction of a W-plus weakon as the kernel gauge for any such right handed antimatter weak decay.
(This 'confusion' as to which weakon becomes engaged in electron capture can be seen in the three diagrams above, two of which infer the left handed W-plus and one the W-minus).

It is in fact a W-minus, that interacts, but coupling to the left handed electron instead of a left handed proton, the latter quantum spinning right handed to allow the charge and spin conservation to crystallize the emission of the left handed electron neutrino.
The W-minus then supplies the required KIR for the up-quark to down-quark transmutation with the gauge spin neutralizer of the left handed Graviphoton [-1] flipping the right handed electron antineutrino constituent of the W-minus into its antiparticular form of a left handed electron neutrino.
Electron capture so displays the Dirac-Majorana nature of the two base neutrinos of the electron-positron and muon-antimuon definition in their massless gauge nature when engaged in the direct interaction or 'tapping' of the UFoQR in the Vortex-Potential-Energy or VPE/ZPE.
The Majorana-Dirac nature of the base neutrinos then can be said to apply to all (anti)neutrinos carrying mass in their oscillation potential and properties exhibited in their wave mechanical dynamics.

Electron^-[-½] + Proton p⁺[+½] + VPE[0] ⇨ Electron Spin Neutralization as Induction to Matter Parity as OR^- - IR^--VPE Oscillation of the partial W-plus Weakon manifesting the other part as flipped Neutrino from its Dirac AntiNeutrino base template
Electron[0] + {Electron^- [+½-½] + Antin_electron[+½] + Graviphoton[-1]} + Proton p⁺[+½] (proton as u[+½]u[-½].d[+½])

⇨ Proton K[+½]KIR[-½]K [+½] + OR^-[0] + {Antin_electron[+½] + Graviphoton[-1]} = Proton udu[+½] + OR^-[0] + {n_electron[-½]}
⇨ Neutron udd[+½] + VPE[0] + n_electron[-½] = KIR[+½]K[-½]KIR[+½] + n_electron[-½] + VPE[0] = Neutron n^o dud[+½] + n_electron[-½] + VPE[0]

A Magneto axis symmetric Proton K(KIR)K transforms into Magneto axis symmetric Neutron KIR(K)KIR as one of the proton's end Kernel up-quarks 'captures' the Weakonic VPE scalar OR^- Electron Outer Ring in the Unified Field of Quantum Relativity.

​

mν_Higgs=m_eλ_w.r_E/(2πr_MR_e){1/r_G-1/r_F} ~ 9.3x10^-38 kg or 0.052 eV.

A Link to the Cosmology of the Higgs Boson
Unlike some past announcements centered on the Higgs in the past few years, which have produced as much ambiguity and confusion as anything else, this one did not disappoint. ATLAS physicists said that their most recent data reveal the presence of an unknown particle with a mass of about 126.5 GeV, or 126.5 billion electron-volts. An electron-volt is a physicist’s unit of mass or energy; for comparison, the proton has a mass of about 1 GeV. The CMS collaboration found evidence for a new particle with a mass of 125.3 GeV.
"""Then extending the minimum energy levels, like as in the case to calculate the charged weakon gauge field agent energy in the charm and the VPE perturbations as per the table given, specifies the 125 GeV energy level in the Perturbation Integral/Summation:

2x{55.956+5.246+1.606+0.491+0.151+0.046+0.014} GeV* = 127.02 GeV*, which become about 126.71 GeV SI as an UPPER LIMIT for this 'Higgs Boson' at the Dainty quark resonance level from the Thuban Dragon Omni-Science.
Using the 3 Diquark energy levels U,D and S yield 2x{55.956+5.246+1.606} GeV* = 125.62 GeV* and 125.31 GeV SI."""




http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=higgs-cern-lhc-discovery

New Particle Resembling Long-Sought Higgs Boson Uncovered at Large Hadron Collider

The CERN collider, the most powerful atom smasher in history, appears to have fulfilled its primary quest.

By John Matson - July 4, 2012

The Higgs Boson at Last? A newfound particle at the Large Hadron Collider looks much like the fabled Higgs »July 12, 2012
​

GATHER ROUND: Dozens of students and physicists gathered at Columbia University's Low Library early Wednesday morning to get the latest news on the Higgs boson.
Image: John Matson​

NEW YORK—The city that never sleeps was mostly asleep. The bars were closed. But at 4:45 A.M., inside a library on Columbia University's Manhattan campus, Michael Tuts was getting ready to pop the champagne.

The physicist had good reason to celebrate. The massive team of scientists of which he is a part—3,000 researchers working on the ATLAS experiment at Europe's Large Hadron Collider—had just announced the discovery of a new particle. The particle looks an awful lot like the long-sought, and long-hypothetical, Higgs boson, most famous for explaining why elementary particles, such as quarks, have mass. A competing, comparably sized experiment, known as CMS, had arrived at a very similar finding at the collider facility.

Both research teams announced their results during a morning seminar at CERN, the European laboratory for particle physics that operates the Large Hadron Collider, or LHC. But the morning start in Geneva meant that U.S. physicists and other curious observers were tuning in to the announcement during the predawn hours. Tuts and his Columbia colleagues decided to host a viewing party at the campus library, with a live video feed from CERN as well as coffee, cookies, soft drinks and chips. About 50 people, many of them students, turned up for the event, which began around 2:30 A.M.

Unlike some past announcements centered on the Higgs in the past few years, which have produced as much ambiguity and confusion as anything else, this one did not disappoint. ATLAS physicists said that their most recent data reveal the presence of an unknown particle with a mass of about 126.5 GeV, or 126.5 billion electron-volts. An electron-volt is a physicist’s unit of mass or energy; for comparison, the proton has a mass of about 1 GeV. The CMS collaboration found evidence for a new particle with a mass of 125.3 GeV.

Crucially, both teams' findings appear exceptionally robust. In physics terms, evidence for a new particle requires a “3-sigma” measurement, corresponding to a 1-in-740 chance that a random fluke could explain the observations, and a claim of discovery requires a 5-sigma effect, or a 1-in–3.5 million shot that the observations are due to chance. In December representatives of the two experiments had announced what one called “intriguing, tantalizing hints” of something brewing in the collider data. But those hints fell short of the 3-sigma level. The new ATLAS finding met not just that level of significance but cleared the gold standard 5-sigma threshold, and CMS very nearly did as well, with a 4.9-sigma finding.

"This is the payoff," Tuts said after the two teams had announced their latest analyses in the Higgs hunt. "This is what you do it for." Peter Higgs himself, who was in Geneva for the seminar along with other eminent physicists who developed the theory, sounded a similar note after the ATLAS and CMS teams had unveiled their conclusions. "For me, it's really an incredible thing that it's happened in my lifetime," Higgs said to the audience at CERN. He was among a half-dozen physicists who in the 1960s proposed what is now known as the Higgs mechanism, hypothesizing the existence of a field permeating all of space, along with an associated particle. The field imparts particles with mass by exerting a sort of drag on them, slowing them down much like a human being slows down when she tries to walk through water instead of air.

The newfound particle fits the bill for the Higgs boson, but the researchers cautioned that more work is needed to compare the properties of the particle to those predicted for the Higgs. After all, the LHC’s detectors cannot identify the Higgs directly. The LHC accelerates protons to unprecedented energies of four trillion electron-volts (4 TeV) before colliding a clockwise-traveling proton beam with a counterclockwise beam. From the smash-up new particles emerge, some of them existing for just an instant before decaying to other particles.


{Commentary on the Higgs Boson Discovery}
JCER - Vol 2, No 13 (2011) Journal of Consciousness Exploaration & Research


Hints of Higgs Boson at 125 GeV Are Found:
Congratulations to All the People at LHC!​

​

Refined Higgs Rumours, Higgs Boson Live Blog: Analysis of the CERN Announcement, Has CERN Found the God Particle? A Calculation, Electron Spin Precession for the Time Fractional Pauli Equation, Plane Wave Solutions of Weakened Field Equations in a Plane Symmetric Space-time-II, Plane Wave Solutions of Field Equations of Israel and Trollope's Unified Field Theory in V5, If the LHC Particle Is Real, What Is One of the Other Possibilities than the Higgs Boson? What is Reality in a Holographic World? Searching for Earth’s Twin.

Editor: Huping HU, Ph.D., J.D.; Editor-at-Large: Philip E. Gibbs, Ph.D.

ISSN: 2153-8301
Dear Huping!

The Higgs Boson resonance, found by ATLAS and CMS is a diquark resonance.

Excerpt:

"Ok, now I'll print some excerpt for the more technically inclined reader regarding the Higgs Boson and its 'make-up', but highlight the important relevant bit (wrt to this discovery of a 160 GeV Higgs Boson energy, and incorporating the lower energy between 92 GeV and to the upper dainty level at 130 GeV as part of the diquark triplet of the associated topomium energy level) at the end.

In particular, as the bottomium doublet minimum is at 5,245.495 MeV* and the topomium triplet minimum is at 55,956.0 MeV* in terms of their characteristic Kernel-Means, their doubled sum indicates a particle-decay excess at the recently publisized ~125 GeV energy level in 2x(5.246+55.956) GeV* = 122.404 GeV* (or 122.102 GeV SI).
These are the two means from ATLAS {116-130 GeV as 123 GeV} and CMS {115-127 GeV as 121 GeV} respectively.

http://press.web.cern.ch/press/PressReleases/Releases2011/PR25.11E.html

Then extending the minimum energy levels, like as in the case to calculate the charged weakon gauge field agent energy in the charm and the VPE perturbations as per the table given, specifies the 125 GeV energy level in the Perturbation Integral/Summation:

2x{55.956+5.246+1.606+0.491+0.151+0.046+0.014} GeV* = 127.02 GeV*, which become about 126.71 GeV SI as an UPPER LIMIT for this 'Higgs Boson' at the Dainty quark resonance level from the Thuban Dragon Omni-Science.
Using the 3 Diquark energy levels U,D and S yield 2x{55.956+5.246+1.606} GeV* = 125.62 GeV* and 125.31 GeV SI.""



This newest data/discovery about the Higgs Boson aka the 'God-Particle' states, that there seems to be a 'resonance-blip' at an energy of about 160 GeV and as just one of say 5 Higgs Bosons for a 'minimal supersymmetry'.
One, the lowest form of the Higgs Boson is said to be about 110 GeV in the Standard Model. There is also a convergence of the HB to an energy level of so 120 GeV from some other models.
Now the whole thing , according to Quantum Relativity' about the Higgs Boson, is that IT IS NOT a particular particle, but relates to ALL particles in its 'scalar nature' as a restmass inducer.

I have discussed the Higgs Boson many times before; but would like here to show in a very simple analysis that the Higgs Boson MUST show a blip at the 160 GeV mark and due to its nature as a 'polarity' neutraliser (a scalar particle has no charge and no spin, but can be made up of two opposite electric charges and say two opposing chiralities of spin orientations.)

Without worrying about details, first consider the following table which contains all the elementary particles of the standard model of particle physics. The details are found in the Planck-String transformations discussed elesewhere.

The X-Boson's mass is: ([Alpha]xm_ps/[ec]) modulated in (SNI/EMI={Cuberoot of [Alpha]}/[Alpha]), the intrisic unified Interaction-Strength and as the L-Boson's mass in: ([Omega]x([ec])/(m_psxa<2/3>), where the (Cuberoot of [Alpha]² is given by the symbol (a<2/3>)=EMI/SNI).

Ten DIQUARK quark-mass-levels crystallise, including a VPE-level for the K-IR transition and a VPE-level for the IR-OR transition:

VPE-Level [K-IR] is (26.4922-29.9621 MeV*) for K-Mean: (14.11358 MeV*); (2.8181-3.1872 MeV*) for IROR;
VPE-Level [IR-OR] is (86.5263-97.8594 MeV*) for K-Mean: (46.09643 MeV*); (9.2042-10.410 MeV*) for IROR;
UP/DOWN-Level is (282.5263-319.619 MeV*) for K-Mean: (150.5558 MeV*); (30.062-33.999 MeV*) for IROR;
STRANGE-Level is (923.013-1,043.91 MeV*) for K-Mean: (491.7308 MeV*); (98.185-111.05 MeV*) for IROR;
CHARM-Level is (3,014.66-3,409.51 MeV*) for K-Mean: (1,606.043 MeV*); (320.68-362.69 MeV*) for IROR;
BEAUTY-Level is (9,846.18-11,135.8 MeV*) for K-Mean: (5,245.495 MeV*); (1,047.4-1,184.6 MeV*) for IROR;
MAGIC-Level is (32,158.6-36,370.7 MeV*) for K-Mean: (17,132.33 MeV*); (3,420.9-3,868.9 MeV*) for IROR;
DAINTY-Level is (105,033-118,791 MeV*) for K-Mean: (55,956.0 MeV*); (11,173-12,636 MeV*) for IROR;
TRUTH-Level is (343,050-387,982 MeV*) for K-Mean: (182,758.0 MeV*); (36,492-41,271 MeV*) for IROR;
SUPER-Level is (1,120,437-1,267,190 MeV*) for K-Mean: (596,906.8 MeV*); (119,186-134,797 MeV*) for IROR.

The K-Means define individual materialising families of elementary particles;

the (UP/DOWN-Mean) sets the (PION-FAMILY: p^o, p⁺, p^-);
the (STRANGE-Mean) specifies the (KAON-FAMILY: K^o, K⁺, K^-);
the (CHARM-Mean) defines the (J/PSI=J/Y-Charmonium-FAMILY);
the (BEAUTY-Mean) sets the (UPSILON=U-Bottonium-FAMILY);
the (MAGIC-Mean) specifies the (EPSILON=E-FAMILY);
the (DAINTY-Mean) bases the (OMICRON-O-FAMILY);
the (TRUTH-Mean) sets the (KOPPA=J-Topomium-FAMILY) and
the (SUPER-Mean) defines the final quark state in the (HIGGS/CHI=H/C-FAMILY).

The VPE-Means are indicators for average effective quarkmasses found in particular interactions.
Kernel-K-mixing of the wavefunctions gives K(+)=60.210 MeV* and K(-)=31.983 MeV* and the IROR-Ring-Mixing gives (L(+)=6.405 MeV* and L(-)=3.402 MeV*) for a (L-K-Mean of 1.50133 MeV*) and a (L-IROR-Mean of 4.90349 MeV*); the Electropole ([e-]=0.52049 MeV*) as the effective electronmass and as determined from the electronic radius and the magnetocharge in the UFoQR.

The restmasses for the elementary particles can now be constructed, using the basic nucleonic restmass (m_c=9.9247245x10^-28 kg*=(Squareroot of [Omega]xm_P) and setting (m_c) as the basic maximum (UP/DOWN-K-mass=mass(KERNEL CORE)=3xmass(KKK)=3x319.62 MeV*=958.857 MeV*);
Subtracting the (Ring VPE 3xL(+)=19.215 MeV*, one gets the basic nucleonic K-state for the atomic nucleus (made from protons and neutrons) in: {m(n⁰;p⁺)=939.642 MeV*}.

The HB discussed in the New Scientist post below is said of having been measured in the decay of W's, Z's and Tau Leptons, as well as the bottom- and top-quark systems described in the table and the text above.

Now in the table I write about the KIR-OR transitions and such. The K means core for kernel and the IR means InnerRing and the OR mean OuterRing. The Rings are all to do with Leptons and the Kernels with Quarks.

So the Tau-decay relates to 'Rings' which are charmed and strange and bottomised and topped, say. They are higher energy manifestations of the basic nucleons of the proton and the neutrons and basic mesons and hyperons.

As I have shown, the energy resonances of the Z-boson (uncharged) represents an 'average' or statistical mean value of the 'Top-Quark' and the Upper-Limit for the Higgs Boson is a similar 'Super-Quark' 'average' and as the weak interaction unification energy.

The hitherto postulated Higgs Boson mass of so 110 GeV is the Omicron-resonance, fully predicted from the table above (unique to Quantum Relativity).
Now the most fundamental way to generate the Higgs Boson as a 'weak interaction' gauge is through the coupling of two equal mass, but oppositely charged W-bosons (of whom the Z^o is the uncharged counterpart).

We have seen, that the W-mass is a summation of all the other quark-masses as kernel-means from the strangeness upwards to the truth-quark level.
So simply doubling the 80.47 GeV mass of the weak-interaction gauge boson must represent the basic form of the Higgs Boson and that is 160.9 GeV.

Simplicity indeed and just the way Quantum Relativity describes the creation of the Higgs Boson from even more fundamental templates of the so called 'gauges'. The Higgs Boson is massless but consists of two classical electron rings and a massless doubled neutrino kernel, and then emerges in the magnetocharge induction AS mass carrying gauges.

This massless neutrino kernel now crystallises our atomic solar system.

Next we interpret this scalar (or sterile) Double-Higgs (anti)neutrino as a majoron and lose the distinction between antineutrino and neutrino eigenstates.

We can only do this in the case of the Z^o decay pattern, which engage the boson spin of the Z^o as a superposition of two antineutrinos for the matter case and the superposition of two neutrinos in the antimatter case from first principles.

So the Z^o IS a Majorana particle, which merges the templates of two antineutrinos say and SPININDUCES the Higgs-Antineutrino.
And where does this occur? It occurs at the Mesonic-Inner-Ring Boundary previously determined at the 2.776x10^-18 meter marker.
This marker so specifies the Z^o Boson energy level explicitely as an upper boundary relative to the displacement scale set for the kernel at the wormhole radius r_w=l_w/2π and the classical electron radius as the limit for the nuclear interaction scale at 3 fermis in: R_comptonxAlpha.

So the particle masses of the standard model in QED and QCD become Compton-Masses, which are HIGGS-MASSINDUCED at the Mesonic-Inner-Ring (MIR) marker at R_MIR=2.776x10^-18 meters.

The Compton masses are directly obtained from E=hf=mc²=hc/λ and say as characteristic particle energies.
At the Leptonic-Outer-Ring or LOR; λ_LOR=2πR_e and at the MIR λ_MIR=2πR_MIR for characteristic energies of 71.38 GeV and 71.33 MeV respectively.

So we know that the Higgs-Mass-Induction occurs at those energy levels from the elementary template and as experimentally verified in terms of the neutrino masses by Super-Kamiokande in 1998.
The LOR-energy of course indicates the Muon mass as a 'heavy electron' and the MIR-energy indicates the associated 'heavy quark' mass.

This has been described before in the general mass induction scales for the diquarks as consequence from the bosonic bifurcation of string masses (XL-Boson string splits into quark- and lepton fermions as fundamental supersymmetry and the magnification of the Planck-scale).
We also know, that the elementary proto-nucleon seed m_c has grown in a factor of Yⁿ~(1.618034)ⁿ~1.72 for a present n=1.1324..to create the present nucleonmasses in a perturbation of its finestructure.
Subsequently, the MIR-energy of 71.38 GeV represents a Z^o-Boson seed, which has similarly increased between a factor of √(Yⁿ)~1.313 and Yⁿ~1.724.

These values so give present boundary conditions for the Higgs Boson in terms of its Z^o coupling as the interval {93.73-123.09} GeV* or {93.50-122.79} GeV. The latter interval reduces by 1.58% to {92.02-120.85} GeV, as we have used the 'effective electron mass' m_e, differing in that percentage from the bare electron's restmass in our calculations.
The lower bounded HB so manifests in the form of the Z^o and as the majorana Higgs-Induction and coupled to the Spin-Induction of the Scalar Higgs Antineutrino.
As described previously; the Z^o-Boson mass is the mean of the top-quark K-Mean as 91.380 GeV* = 91.155 GeV and so relates the quark energy levels to the Higgs inductions for both spin and inertia. This occurs at the down-strange ds-diquark level of the cosmogenesis.

The W-Boson masses are the summation of the quark K-Means and represents the summation of all lower diquark energy levels from doubleup to doubledown.
As the down-strange or MIR-LOR energy level is coupled as a Kernel-MIR level in the bottom-antibottom mesonic diquark system, the energy difference between the Z^o- and the W-bosons should amount to that b-quark energy of about 10 GeV and which indeed is experimentally verified as such.
Finally the doublestrange diquark level then becomes the well known Fermi-Energy of the Superquark K-Mean at 298.453 GeV*=297.717 GeV and which reduces to 293.013 GeV in the 1.58% in the SI mensuration system for an Fermi energy of 1.165x10^-5 1/GeV².

Quantum Relativity then stipulates, that the Higgs-Mass-Induction energies will assume particular energy value related to the diquark mass induction table of the K-Means, coupled to the weakon masses as indicated.
The overarching energy level is however that at 92 GeV as the lower bound and as represented in the definition of the Z^o-Boson as a Majorana Spininduced scalar Higgs boson. The upper bound is the Fermi energy of the Super-Diquark as a doublestrange.
This 92 GeV level represents a seedling energy of 71.38 GeV from the primordial universe and when the XL-Boson aka the heterotic string class HO(32) decayed into a fermionic quark-lepton bifurcation and which today is represented in the diquark eigenstates of the standard model in particle physics through its Unitary Symmetries.

Tony B. - December 28th, 2014 -Queanbeyan, NSW, Australia

http://www.cosmosdawn.net/forum/
http://www.cosmosdawn.net/forum/ind...tring-and-supermembrane-epsess.886/#post-4827​

In agency of Zerrubabel, a Temple Builder for the Sirian Invasion following the wormhole manifestation at the center of the earth with a simultaneous antiwormhole manifestation of the Milky Way galaxy in the quantum tunnel connecting Serpentina-Andromeda, the White Hole Vortex of the New Earth to the Black Hole Vortex of Sagittarius A* aka Hunab Ku-Perseus. [/FONT]
One of your witnesses betwixt the InTime and the NonTime on the island of Om-Past-Om.
All of this information is derived from the One and only True Logos and is disseminated in the Name, Honour and Remembrance of the Everliving Christ Jesus De Emmanuel Melchizedek aka 'Yeshuah Ben Joseph Bar Thomas Didymos' who is alive within any One of YOU, asking YOU personally to remember himher to share in herhis 'Body of Light' and 'Mind of God' in your individually necessitated transcension from biochemical existence to meta-biophysical existence in psychophysical restmassphotonic taxonomy and omni-scientific definition.

The Love and Honour of the True God is with YOU all and available from this day onwards for eternity.
It's accessibility is no longer veiled in the 'VEIL of EVIL' so a new adventure can begin in the physical reality for the Family of God, who is YOU collectively and is YOU individually, provided YOU can individually accept your own origins in the Mind of the Unified God in its lonesome Exile of the Non-Separability.
The Collective Exile of this wonderful, beautiful, magnificent, splendiferous, co-evolving and everloving God has now ended, because:
"The Sun of the Occidental Darkness has risen in its 'West Side Story' and has Met and Blended in Harmony with the Oriental Light from 'My Fair Lady' from the 'Rainbow of Somewhere and Sometime and Someplace and Someday'".

Shiloh, Sunday, October 7th, 2013​

​

 

The black hole at the birth of the Universe
​

[8:33:46 AM] Sirius 17: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/08/140807145618.htm
[8:34:15 AM] Sirius 17:
Their suggestion: our known universe could be the three-dimensional "wrapping" around a four-dimensional black hole's event horizon. In this scenario, our universe burst into being when a star in a four-dimensional universe collapsed into a black hole.
In our three-dimensional universe, black holes have two-dimensional event horizons -- that is, they are surrounded by a two-dimensional boundary that marks the "point of no return." In the case of a four-dimensional universe, a black hole would have a three-dimensional event horizon.
In their proposed scenario, our universe was never inside the singularity; rather, it came into being outside an event horizon, protected from the singularity. It originated as -- and remains -- just one feature in the imploded wreck of a four-dimensional star.

[8:35:39 AM] Sirius 17: interesting article discussing that we are living inside a 4th dimensional black hole
[3:33:45 PM] Shiloh: This is a valid article and in good correspondence with the Maldacena research we addressed before. Recall, that the outstanding mainstream question regarding the 'Event Horizon' of the 4-dimensional universe questions the location of that 'event horizon' of a 3-D surface 'wrapping around the 3-D cosmology'? I commented on the 2005 paper of Maldacena in connection with the SciAm publication, I reshared below.
[3:37:08 PM] Sirius 17: yes I thought that was interesting too, the 3-D surface wrapping around 4-D cosmology. Why I thought you should look at it. This is great!
[3:38:57 PM] Shiloh: This 'new paper' then stipulates the Big Bang Singularity to have been a 'protostar' 'outside' of the singularity and the dragon science simply replaces the 'protostar of higher D' by the 'Inflationary String-membrane De Broglie phase epoch' occurring BEFORE the classical Big Bang of the Planck Black Body Radiator cosmology, giving birth and origin to the relativistic universe of entropy and stochastic frequency distributions of spacetime parameters. This relates to the Weyl Hypothesis of Roger Penrose and related articles we published around this Maldacena paper.
[3:39:41 PM] Shiloh: This new paper so basically confirms Maldacena and Penrose, but in the background of the membrane cosmologies.
[3:41:27 PM] Shiloh: The old trouble with string theory was, that it still inferred a metric spacetime backdrop for the advanced mathematical equations and models. Maldacena and the 'Holographic Universe' does away with that, in proposing that space and time themselves become defined by the nature of the elementary string-membrane configurations.
[3:43:05 PM] Shiloh: Dragons and ETs of course know and understand, that those 'fundamental constituents of space and time and matter and light' are themselves defined by the TwinLogos of all worlds and so enable a synthesis betwenn the metaphysics and the physics in their connecting ontology.
[3:43:26 PM] Sirius 17: and so this allows for a non-physical precursor beginning right? because the mathematics shows it is there, even though their is no physical measuring stick?
[3:46:04 PM] Shiloh: Correct
[3:46:38 PM] Shiloh: This becomes embodied in the Transformation between Magnetocharges and Electrocharges
[3:48:00 PM] Shiloh: Magnetocharges are always higher D and related to the tachyon scenario of string theory, whilst electrocharges become matter associated and so become anti tachyonic aka light speed restricted and invariant.

In more technical detail; the 'protostar' becomes defined in dragon membrane physics as the Ylem stars, defined in temperature only and not by mass, as are the Black Hole precursors. The ylem protostars so serve as excellent 'first generation' cosmological 'energy sources'. The 'ylem stars' (coined by Alexander Gamow in the 1920's) as 'pure neutron matter stars' then of course allow the temperature thermodynamic coupling to mass and gravitation and so generate the 'ordinary' neutron stars known by the earthbound astrophysicists as the precursors of the Back Holes; themselves the 'parents' of the evolving galaxies in conjunction and in conjugative partnership with White Holes associated with Quasars.

[4:17:51 PM] Sirius 17: I found it interesting they said the big bang could be just a 3-D 'mirage' of a collapsing star in a totally different universe. Are they trying to say that our universe is just a mirage then or an effect of the mirage?

[4:19:34 PM] Sirius 17: "For all physicists know, dragons could have come flying out of the singularity," Afshordi says in an interview with Nature.

[4:19:40 PM] Sirius 17: I found this a bit humorous lol
[4:22:22 PM] Shiloh: This was a nice message from the subconscious indeed.

[4:22:42 PM] Shiloh: I added the details as a reply
[4:23:21 PM] Shiloh: http://www.themistsofavalon.net/t6780p60-the-legacy-of-thuban-omni-science-de-alpha-draconis-omega#105726



The black hole at the birth of the Universe

Date: August 7, 2014
Source: Perimeter Institute

Summary:

The big bang poses a big question: if it was indeed the cataclysm that blasted our universe into existence 13.7 billion years ago, what sparked it? Three Perimeter Institute researchers have a new idea about what might have come before the big bang. It's a bit perplexing, but it is grounded in sound mathematics and is it testable?



The big bang poses a big question: if it was indeed the cataclysm that blasted our universe into existence 13.7 billion years ago, what sparked it?

Three Perimeter Institute researchers have a new idea about what might have come before the big bang. It's a bit perplexing, but it is grounded in sound mathematics and is it testable?
What we perceive as the big bang, they argue, could be the three-dimensional "mirage" of a collapsing star in a universe profoundly different than our own.
"Cosmology's greatest challenge is understanding the big bang itself," write Perimeter Institute Associate Faculty member Niayesh Afshordi, Affiliate Faculty member and University of Waterloo professor Robert Mann, and PhD student Razieh Pourhasan.
Conventional understanding holds that the big bang began with a singularity -- an unfathomably hot and dense phenomenon of spacetime where the standard laws of physics break down. Singularities are bizarre, and our understanding of them is limited.
"For all physicists know, dragons could have come flying out of the singularity," Afshordi says in an interview with Nature.
The problem, as the authors see it, is that the big bang hypothesis has our relatively comprehensible, uniform, and predictable universe arising from the physics-destroying insanity of a singularity. It seems unlikely.
So perhaps something else happened. Perhaps our universe was never singular in the first place.
Their suggestion: our known universe could be the three-dimensional "wrapping" around a four-dimensional black hole's event horizon. In this scenario, our universe burst into being when a star in a four-dimensional universe collapsed into a black hole.
In our three-dimensional universe, black holes have two-dimensional event horizons -- that is, they are surrounded by a two-dimensional boundary that marks the "point of no return." In the case of a four-dimensional universe, a black hole would have a three-dimensional event horizon.
In their proposed scenario, our universe was never inside the singularity; rather, it came into being outside an event horizon, protected from the singularity. It originated as -- and remains -- just one feature in the imploded wreck of a four-dimensional star.
The researchers emphasize that this idea, though it may sound "absurd," is grounded firmly in the best modern mathematics describing space and time. Specifically, they've used the tools of holography to "turn the big bang into a cosmic mirage." Along the way, their model appears to address long-standing cosmological puzzles and -- crucially -- produce testable predictions.
Of course, our intuition tends to recoil at the idea that everything and everyone we know emerged from the event horizon of a single four-dimensional black hole. We have no concept of what a four-dimensional universe might look like. We don't know how a four-dimensional "parent" universe itself came to be.
But our fallible human intuitions, the researchers argue, evolved in a three-dimensional world that may only reveal shadows of reality.
They draw a parallel to Plato's allegory of the cave, in which prisoners spend their lives seeing only the flickering shadows cast by a fire on a cavern wall.
"Their shackles have prevented them from perceiving the true world, a realm with one additional dimension," they write. "Plato's prisoners didn't understand the powers behind the sun, just as we don't understand the four-dimensional bulk universe. But at least they knew where to look for answers."

Story Source:
The above story is based on materials provided by Perimeter Institute. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.

Journal Reference:

1. Razieh Pourhasan, Niayesh Afshordi, Robert B. Mann. Out of the White Hole: A Holographic Origin for the Big Bang. arXiv, 2014 [link]

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/08/140807145618.htm

The Nature and Origin of the Dark Energy and the Cosmological Constant​

What drives the expansion of the universe and where did this energy derive from in the first instance?

I have detailed the quantum geometric underpinning of the Big Bang Cosmogenesis with its selfgenerative birth of the dimensions previously.
So I shall describe the physics for this cosmogenesis in terms of the 'large scale' classical Newtonian-Einsteinian geometry in this message.

The cause of the Big Bang was of course metaphysical and mathematical; meaning that no space, no time and no mass existed 'before' the Big Bang happened.
What did exist as 'primera causa' however, was a 'primordial materia' from which all of the spacetimed universe could emerge.
Both, the primal cause and the primal energy are so by nature independent upon the manifestation of the universe in its parameters observed, measured and implied.
The 'prima materia' so represented 'Primal ENERGY', which could transform into the 'Caused Energy' of the Quantum Big Bang.

Many of you eschew mathematics and the abstractionism it represents as a language.
Now 'Lingua Mathimatica' is just that, a language, universal in scope and applicability and so your phobias are not insurmountable.
Your distaste for symbolisms of one kind can easily become translated into a semiotik of another kind.
But then many of you eschew the metaphysical representation of mythology as well and yet another translation becomes necessity.

But due to mathematics being a cosmically applicable and universal language (like music and dance for example); the concept of the 'Primal Energy'; whilst independent upon the emergent universe, nevertheless can become formulated in the famous energy relations of Einstein, Planck and Boltzmann {E=mc²=hf=kT}.

1. There was a primal energy E* 'before' the beginning of time, which upon 'emerging', DEFINED the concepts of time, space, mass, etc.

2. All parameters whatsoever are interrelated in the primal energy E*; but existed in metaphysical-abstract form, before they emerged to create the observable universe using E* as the universal source of energy.

3. There is so necessarily a discrepancy between the 'source energy reservoir defined in quantum form by E*' and the 'source energy transformed' to create the physicalised universe in spacetimematter.

4. As the 'Source-Energy-Reservoir' or SER can be defined abstractly; it can also be defined as INFINITE mathematically, say as asymptotic approach of the infinite within the finite. The omega interval [0,1] is finite as binary boundary, but contains an infinite number count of the rationals as extension of the Integers (and Naturals) of the applied mathematical procedures (the inversion identity under associativity and distribution say).

5. This SER then transforms its self- or eigenstate from the infinite 'no observable 'real' universe' potential to a finite 'a real physical measurable universe' potential, using E*.

6. The infinite energy of the SE so becomes finitised across a dimensional quantum boundary, through which it must 'tunnel' to manifest its finiteness.

7. This 'tunneling' becomes effectualised in creating a 'quantum fluctuation', aka a metaphysical discrepancy in the energy formulations defining E*.

8. A particular E*-eigenstate summation before tunneling so can be used to describe this then 'dimensionally reduced' selfstate integral after tunneling.
This dimensional reduction is then modelled as a decrease in SE, say in an Energy-Gradient defined in the quantum laws given as metaphysical aka mathematical precursors {E=mc²=hf=kT}.

9. The particular eigenstate before tunneling is defined in the dynamics of a de Broglie MATTERWAVE, associated with the concept of quantum-driven inflation.
This inflation is also metaphysical and uses the 'dimensionally increased' selfstate to render the metaphysical definition a physical definition in the 'dimensionally reduced' eigenstate.

10. It so becomes the universe to be a dimensionally nested universe and as prerequisite to carry both, the nature of the 'unreal' metaphysical-mathematical and the nature of the real physical. The dimensional divide so can also be described as a mapping between 'mirror spaces'.

11. The de Broglie matterwave so defines a higher dimensional universal envelope (HDU) about the lower dimensional universe (LDU), and with a scale-displacement boundary R_Hubble say.
Both the HDU and the LDU are defined in the SE E* in quantum terminology; but the LDU utilises the NATURAL LAWS based upon the transformations embodied in {E=mc²=hf=kT}; whereas the HDU uses the latter in the formal sense of the metaphysics aka the mathematical abstractions.

12. The HDU 'inflates' in NOW-Time aka the Instanton to set a boundary for the LDU to 'expand into' in a 'inflated' THEN-Time aka the linearised lightpath time t=x/c, and where displacement X relates to the lightspeed invariant 'c'.

13. In the HDU 'c' is not invariant, but forms the antistate for its invariance in the LDU.
Particularly, it is defined in the de Broglie PhaseSpeed of the matterwave and with LDU 'speed' V:
{V_dB=lightpath/lighttime=(h/mV)(mc²/h)=c²/V>c for all V
14. In terms of E* then; the de Broglie Inflaton Acceleration is:
A_dB=R_Hubble/t^*2 ~1.4x10⁸⁷ (m/s²)* for x*=ct*.

15. The A_dB so becomes the first primordial energy parameter subject to physicalisation in the 'quantum tunneling'.
To render the A_dB physical, a Quantum Big Bang, creating the LDU from the now manifested HDU is required.
As the A_dB is a metaphysical acceleration subject to the contra-invariance of lightspeed 'c'; the invariance of 'c' becomes necessity for all speeds 'V' encountered in the LDU as an intrinsic limit for any acceleration.

16. Those limited velocities now become associated with both the mass content or inertia of objects moving at speeds V and their noninertial or photonic equivalents as defined in {E=mc²=hf=kT}.

17. From this the Equivalence Principle of Einstein's General Relativity is born and which postulates, that any gravitational field strength Gm/r² becomes indistinguishable from a Newtonian acceleration A_N in terms of the mass m experiencing the acceleration or the gravitational field.

18. The LDU so must have a PRIMAL Gravitational Field given in A_N=GM/x^*2 and where M is the Total Inertial Mass Content of the universe transformed from the E*-Integral to manifest the LDU in the Quantum Big Bang.

19. The equality A_dB=A_N so would require R_Hubblec²=2GM and a 'fixed' total mass M_critical=R_Hubblec²/2G.
This can be rewritten as R_Hubble=2GM/c² to crystallise the Schwarzschild metric for the Semi-HDU, so CONNECTING the HDU to the LDU across the dimensions in a physics of Black Holes.

20. The Semi-HDU derives from setting the gravitational potential equal to the VPE=Vortex-Potential Energy=Zero-Point-Energy=ZPE of E* described as a SE-Planck-Harmonic Oscillator with eigenstate:
E_min*=½E* for GMm*/x^*2=½m*c².

21. A definition of M=M_ocritical as a function of E*, will then ENSURE, that the reduced total inertia of the universe will manifest in a quantum tunneling in the creation of a required acceleration gradient with A_dB>A_N.

22. M becomes defined as a function of E* in: M_o²=#(m _Planck.m_Kernel/m_Ring)² and where # describes the integral summation of the E* quantum eigenstate for the HDU and as mapped or transformed in a subsequent materialisation of the kernel-ring boson coupling as a quark-lepton fermion coupling, characterised in the proton-electron bonding.

23. A_N then becomes defined in A_N~2.0x10⁸⁵ (m/s²)* and the resulting gradient is A_N/A_dB=0.014...as the DECELERATION Parameter (q_o) for the subsequently emerging cosmology.
It is also half of the ratio of the Black Hole masses described by the Schwarzschild metric in:
M_o/M_critical=R_Hubble/R_Sarkar and where R_Sarkar describes the gravitational volume acting on the supercluster scale of galaxies as the boundary for gravitational interaction for cosmic large scale homogeneity.

24. Twice the deceleration parameter so gives the actual density/critical density ratio for the cosmology as a direct consequence of the LDU-HDU interaction between the metaphysics of the prespacetime universe and its spacetimed progenitor.

25. The Newtonian acceleration (A_Newton=A_Omega) is also a Gravitational Field Strength GM_o/R² where now R describes the curvature radius or scale of the entire universe.
To accomodate the LDU in the HDU, the A_NdB must quantum tunnel in the creation event under the auspices of the boundary conditions set by the curvature metrics and simplified in the Mother Black Hole of the HDU encompassing in a dimension higher by one the LDU as a Daughter Black Hole.

26. Parametrising the scalefactor R as a function of DIMENSIONLESS time, then allows the de Broglie acceleration to also parametrise in such fashion to selftransform back from the HDU into the LDU.

The equations are:
Dimensionless time n=H_o.t for dn/dt=H_o as a 'nodal' Hubble-Constant defined in R_Hubble=c/H_o=r*f*/H_o;
then R(n)=R_Hubble.ASP and where ASP=Asymptotic Expansion Parameter = f(n)=n/(n+1).

Subsequently, displacement, velocity and acceleration are parametrised as:

R(n)=R_Hubble.n/(n+1);
V(n)=c/(n+1⁾²;
A(n)=-2cH_o/(n+1)³.

27. There exists so an INTRINSIC DECELERATION in the universe and a deceleration which represents the contra-action of the de Broglie inflation of the HDU in the LDU.
This intrinsic antiinflationary deceleration is maximised as the Milgrom-Constant A_Mmax=-2cH_o~1.127 nanometers per second squared in (* units).

28. The DIFFERENCE between the Intrinsic Milgrom cosmic deceleration and the Newtonian-Einsteinian gravitational deceleration then defines another acceleration (A_DarkEnergy=A_Lambda), which becomes the EFFECT of the missing mass of the Daughter Black Hole to BE the Mother Black Hole; as well as the acceleration gradient between the de Broglie hyperacceleration exceeding lightspeed and the Newtonian-Einsteinian speed-restricted gravitational field intensity conscribing the total inertia of the universe as a whole.

29. The equation for the Dark Energy Acceleration so is:
A_Milgrom=A_Newton + A_DarkEnergy.
Normalising A_Intrinsic= A_Omega + A_Lambda so says:
100%Intrinsic=X%Omega+Y%Lambda.

30. For a presently calculated dimensionless time parameter of n=1.1324.., A_Intrinsic aka the Milgrom Deceleration is about -2cH_o/2.1324³ ~ 1.16x10^-10 (m/s²)* and reduced in a factor of so 9.7 from its maximum value at the Big Bang tunneling as the Summation Harmonic for the present n-time.

The Dark Energy component for this present NOW-Time then is about -9.49x10^-11 (m/s²)* as the Omega is defined in GM_o/R² ~ -2.13x10^-11 (m/s²)*.
In terms of accelerations then; the Dark Energy represents 81.8% of the intrinsic deceleration and the Newtonian-Einsteinian inertia component the remainder of 18.2%.

The Dark Energy was 0 in the past and shall be 0 twice more until it asymptotically approches 0 in the infinite linear future.

The Equation for the Dark Energy can be written as a function of dimensionless cycletime n as:

Dark Energy Λ(n) = G_oM_o√[Xⁿ]/R(n)² - 2cH_o/(n+1)³ .

This is mathematically a geometric polynomial functional form describing the difference between the inverses of a square and a cube with roots at n₁=0.1064; n₂=9.2255 and n₃=12.2777.
As the origin of lambda is 'quantum smeared' in E* (as a Planck-Length Transform of superstring class I into the Weyl superstring class HE(8x8)); the n=0 singularity of the Big Bang becomes RESET as t_o*=n_o/H_o, that is the wavelength lambda*=λ* assumes the value of R(n_o) in Λ_o(n_o)=G_oM_o/λ*² ~2.0x10⁸⁵ (m/s²)*.

This value represents the Dark Energy manifesting the Big Bang as the 'TUNNELED ZPE' across the dimensional boundary between the HDU and the LDU, materialising the latter in the Planck-Weyl superstring transformation.

About 1.80 Billion years later; this Dark Energy became 0 and this change in gradient instigated GALAXY FORMATION at a cosmological redshift of z=2.15.
Previously, the immense POSITIVE Dark Energy had established a Quasar-Wall for this subsequent galactic nexus point at a z=7.477.

The Dark Energy attained its absolute minimum value at a z=1.19 and almost 4 billion years after the singularity at n_o. This epoch is well measured in the LDU as the 'Peak of the Galaxy Formation' in the cosmic evolution.
The Dark Energy is NEGATIVE between the roots n₁ and n₂ (or the period between 1.8 and 156.0 billion years after creation) and so characterises a period of the DARK MATTER.

The Dark Energy will be POSITIVE again between the roots n₂ and n₃ (or the period between 156.0 and 207.5 billion years), then describing a period of the LIGHT MATTER.

After the n₃ zero-point, the Dark Energy will coast asymptotically towards 0 again from a Dark Matter perspective, one can then term the GREY MATTER interval and containing a local minimum for the Dark Energy at the 337 billion year marker as about 0.00012 nanometers per second squared.

The Dark Matter epoch results in inertia measurements, which are insufficient to account for the dynamical behaviour of the cosmic macrosystems, such as galaxies and group-galaxies in their interaction of translational and rotational parameters. The LAMBDA here ADDS to the OMEGA to give the MILGROM.
Conversely, the Light Matter epoch seems to indicate, that there is too much mass about to match the electromagnetic 'light parameter' observations. The LAMBDA here SUBTRACTS from the OMEGA to yield the MILGROM INTRINSICATOR.

In the equation above; the factor √[Xⁿ] depicts the mass evolution of the baryonic mass-seedling M_o over linear time t=n/H_o and defines a Planck-'stringed' Newtonian gravitational constant G_o for the string-parametric unification of electromagnetism with gravitation. This unification demands the Unity G_o.k=1 and where k=1/4πε_o as the SI-Coulomb constant. Stoney-Units coupled to Planck-Units in the √Alpha factor then allow the unification of electropolic charge 'e' with 'G_o' via the monopole string class IIB coupling to the Planck string class I.
As this unification ocurs in the string epoch of the inflation and with duration from the Planck-Time t_Planck=L_Planck/c to the Weyl-Time t*; Newton's Gravitational constant becomes modified after inflation in a finestructure G(n)m_o²=G_oXⁿ m₁m₂Yⁿ=G_oXⁿ m₁Y^k m₂Y^n-k = constant and for the Euler identity XY=X+Y=i²=-1=e^iπ.

Taking the geometric mean for the M_o-seedling then yields the approximation G_oXⁿM_o√Yⁿ=G_oM_o√Xⁿ used. as the appropriate mean or average.
The Dark Energy equation abobve, so takes the mass evolution of the baryon seed M_o into account and the functional form for Λ(n) becomes the one described and is applicable for the LDU.

One can omit this mass-evolution for the HDU and consider the product G_oM_o constant over linear time.
Then the Dark Energy equation simplifies and is:

Dark Energy Λ(n) = G_oM_o/R(n)² - 2cH_o/(n+1)³ .

The derivative Λ'(n) = -2G_oM_o R'(n)/R(n)³ + 6cH_o/(n+1)⁴ = 6cH_o/(n+1)⁴ - 2G_oM_o H_o²(n+1)/c²n³
Then the absolute minimum for Λ'(n)=0 and for n=0.2389... becomes:
Λ(0.2389) =2.12319...x10^-10 - 5.92482...x10^-10 = -3.80163...x10^-10 (m/s²)*.

The roots for Λ(n)=0 are calculated via 2c³/G_oM_oH_o=(n+1)⁵/n² as n₁=0.10823... and n₂=3.40055...
This corresponds then to the Dark Energy beginning at the very high positive value of 2x10⁸⁵ (m/s²)* at the instanton and reaching its first zero for the galaxy formation in the HDU after 1.83 billion years.
This process of galaxy formation then peaks at the minimum so 4.04 billion years after the Big Bang and in tandem with the galaxy evolution in the LDU and peaking (0.2389..-0.2352..=0.0037) or so 62.5 million years earlier.

The Dark Matter epoch begins 1.83 billion years after the instanton-inflaton and ends so 3.4 cycles afterwards at a 'oscillation coordinate' of 3.4R_Hubble or about 57.5 billion years.

For the present time then, the HDU-LDU cosmo-evolutionary coupling has; and due to the lightspeed expansion of the HDU compared to the inertia slowing of the LDU; diverged in the factor D(n)=√Xⁿ and which calculates as D(n_present=1.1324..)=0.7615...
This divergence increases over linear time with the oscillatory HDU encompassing the asymptotic LDU.

The Dark Energy, as a 'bookkeeper', so 'fades out' by the D(n) factor over linear time in the LDU with the MILGROM diminishing slower than the OMEGA.

This 'account-keeping' of the 'Dark Energy' 'solves' Edward Witten's 'dilemma' and 'his most troublesome professional observation'.

Iow, Einstein was right after all of having made a blunder, which wasn't a blunder.
The Cosmological can be defined as in this paper, but OVERALL it is ZERO, just as Ed Witten wishes for in M-Theory.
An interview with him, stating this is reproduced below from the 'stringsite website'
http://www.superstringtheory.com/people/witten.html

Excerpt Quote:

Why is it so hard to break supersymmetry in string theory?

Well, if I knew the answer, if I knew how Nature has done supersymmetry breaking, then I could tell you why humans had such trouble figuring it out. But I can say one thing about it. When supersymmetry is not broken, it's easy to get a zero cosmological constant in string theory. And although a zero cosmological constant might not be the truth, it's incredibly close to the truth. If you break supersymmetry, if you do it the wrong way, you're going to get a cosmological constant that's much too big, and then you may well get associated problems, such as instabilities, runaways and so on. So it's easy to find ways that string theory could break supersymmetry, but they all have bad consequences. So I assume we're missing something, which is the answer to your question.

How can the cosmological constant be so close to zero but not zero?

I really don't know. It's very perplexing that astronomical observations seem to show that there is a cosmological constant. It's definitely the most troublesome, for my interests, definitely the most troublesome, observation in physics in my lifetime. In my career that is." End of Quote.

Ed Witten on M theory, supersymmetry and appreciating calculus

Ed Witten, who is currently visiting Caltech, is a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey (the place where Einstein used to work.) Witten was not one of the creators of string theory, but since he joined "Team String" in the mid-eighties, he's been a leading visionary, pausing here and there to make revolutionary observations and discoveries in mathematics using observations gleaned from high energy theoretical physics. He recently spent two years at Caltech, a development that had East Coast string theorists fearing that the United States was tilting to the West. We interviewed him in John Schwarz's office at Caltech, which also happened to Richard Feynman's office when he was alive.

​

What's the current answer to the question, "What is string theory?"

Well, we've understood somehow that there's a more unified picture that mixes up quantum mechanical effects controlled by hbar and string effects controlled by alpha prime. So, there's this M theory story where different string theories are mixed up by dualities. I can't claim that we've gotten to the bottom of it, though.

What is M theory?

M theory is a name for a more unified theory that has the different string theories, as we know them, as limits, and which also can reduce, under appropriate conditions, to eleven-dimensional supergravity. There's this picture that we all have to draw where different string theories are limits of this M theory, where M stands for Magic, Mystery or Matrix, but it also sometimes is seen as standing for Murky, because the truth about M theory is Murky. And the different limits, where the main parameter simplifies, give the different string theories -- Type IIA, Type IIB, Type I, and there's eleven-dimensional supergravity, which turns out to be an important limit even though it isn't part of the systematic perturbation expansion, then there's the E8XE8 heterotic string, and there's SO(32) heterotic string.

So M-theory is a name for this picture, this more general picture that will generate the different limits through the different string theories. The parameters in this picture we can think of being roughly hbar, which is Planck's constant, and that determines how important the quantum effects are, and the other parameter is alpha prime, which is the tension, related to the tension of the string, that determines how important stringy effects are. So traditionally, a physicist looking at Type IIA, for example, by traditional weak coupling methods, explores this little region, and if asked how his theory is related to Type I theory, the answer would have to be, "Well I don't know, that's something else."
And likewise, if you ask this observer what happens for strong coupling, the traditional answer was, "Well I don't know." In graduate courses, you learn that you can do more or less anything for weak coupling, but you can't do anything for strong coupling. What happened in the 90s was that we learned how to do a little bit for strong coupling, and it turned out that the answer is Type IIA at strong coupling turns out to be Type I in a slightly different limit, SO(32) heterotic, and so on. So we built up this more unified picture, but we still don't understand what it means

What is K theory and what does it mean for string theory?

K theory is a mathematical theory that studies topology using matrices, using operators that don't commute with each another. What topology is, first of all, is the branch of mathematics where you don't care about the shape, so for example, a lumpy ball is equivalent to a round ball. But if there are holes, you do care about that, so a donut is different from either of these two. So, mathematicians learned, around 1960, that there was a very powerful tool in topology based on matrices, and that tool was K theory. And since quantum mechanics is about non-commuting operators, or matrices, there has always been a kind of naive analogy between K theory and quantum mechanics. An analogy that seemed naive to most physicists, but was often drawn by mathematicians such as Michael Atiyah.
However, we learned in the last few years that some questions about string theory, but slightly specialized questions usually, are usefully addressed using K theory. What K theory really addresses is a little bit subtle to explain. If you want to understand the charges carried by the D-branes, that's a question that leads to K theory. Or I might say at an even more basic level, D-branes are these strange objects whose positions are measured by matrices, and studying those matrices leads to K theory.
So K theory is the sort of topological underpinning of D-brane theory. But as physicists we're interested very much in whether the ball is round or lumpy, as are different things in physics. We wouldn't want to play baseball with a lumpy ball. So, the topology is just one side of the story..

What is noncommutative geometry and why is it important in string theory?

Well, one thing which we know about for sure in string theory is that the ordinary classical ideas about geometry are approximations, and don't really work precisely. But what you should really replace them with is not clear. However, there's a naive ideas about strings which really only works for open strings. Open strings are strings with endpoints, like in the original Type I superstring, where a particle was represented by a piece of string with charges at the ends. I've labeled the charges as q and q-bar for quark and antiquark, but that's modern terminology that might not have been present in the early says of string theory.
Once you've got open strings, they can join together, I'm going to call my open strings A or B, and they join end to end. But there are two ways of joining them. I could join them with A on the left and B on the right, or I could join them with B on the left and A on the right, and I get two different outputs. And it's very much like taking two matrices A and B and multiplying them together. So there's some noncommutativity in the interactions.
And when you take account of the fact that string theory is all about geometry, somehow this is geometry where noncommutative objects are built in. In fact I've mentioned now a couple portions of it. There's the noncommutativity of joining strings, and there's the matrices that don't commute, which are related to K theory and also to the D-brane positions and so on.
Anyway, coming back here, you can try to systematically describe open string physics at least in terms of noncommutative ideas introduced in geometry,and you can get a general answer of some kind, but it's rather abstract and very hard to use. However, in the last couple of years, it was discovered that there's a certain limit with a very strong background magnetic field in which things simplify, and you can actually say something simple and useful based on the noncommutative geometry. That's a case where the rather abstract and hard to use noncommutative geometrical concepts actually come down to Earth and become useful.

Why is it so hard to break supersymmetry in string theory?

Well, if I knew the answer, if I knew how Nature has done supersymmetry breaking, then I could tell you why humans had such trouble figuring it out. But I can say one thing about it. When supersymmetry is not broken, it's easy to get a zero cosmological constant in string theory. And although a zero cosmological constant might not be the truth, it's incredibly close to the truth. If you break supersymmetry, if you do it the wrong way, you're going to get a cosmological constant that's much too big, and then you may well get associated problems, such as instabilities, runaways and so on. So it's easy to find ways that string theory could break supersymmetry, but they all have bad consequences. So I assume we're missing something, which is the answer to your question.

How can the cosmological constant be so close to zero but not zero?

I really don't know. It's very perplexing that astronomical observations seem to show that there is a cosmological constant. It's definitely the most troublesome, for my interests, definitely the most troublesome, observation in physics in my lifetime. In my career that is.

What has been the most surprising or interesting thing that you have learned in physics?

I'm going to interpret the question to be what's the most interesting thing I've learned in my career, whether I discovered it or not. It's something I've learned, perhaps through the work of other people or from textbooks. So in that sense, the most surprising thing I've learned, even though I had nothing to do with discovering it, is that strings can describe quantum gravity.

What has been the most surprising or interesting thing that you have learned in science outside of physics?

Well it's not that amazing that to me, a lot of science is physics. So, for example, I can't give you an answer in terms of chemistry, because physics underlies chemistry. I could give you an answer in biology. Biologists have learned lots of wonderful things. But it's hard to properly maintain one's sense of wonder about them, for some things that were known so long that we all remember so little that we take them for granted. But there's the theory of evolution, which is an amazing insight. And there's the understanding of the genetic code, that's a marvelous insight.
Of course, if we move on to math, which you might think isn't physics, but which is much closer to what I know, then there are lot's of fun and exciting things there. I hardly know what to tell you because, again, there are lots of things that are really wonderful but which we take for granted because it's all known. Like there's calculus. Calculus is pretty amazing.
But... it's not the first thing that comes to mind in answering such a question, because such a question tends to make you think of more recent discoveries. But... if I just have to ask , of everything I've ever learned in math, what's the most amazing and surprising -- it might by that calculus should win the prize, even though it's not so new any more.

End of Interview

But in the HDU, the Dark Energy asymptotically approaches the limiting Einstein Lambda in the form of:

COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT

Λ(n→∞)=Λ_∞=G_oM_o/R_Hubble² =7.894940144...x10^-12 (m/s²)*.
This represents 0.705% of the maximum Lambda at the instanton-inflaton.

The Dark Energy component in the HDU for this present NOW-Time so is about 8.82x10^-11 (m/s²)* as the Omega is defined in GM_o/R² ~2.80x10^-11 (m/s²)*.
In terms of accelerations then; the Dark Energy represents 76.0% of the intrinsic deceleration and the Newtonian-Einsteinian inertia component the remainder of 24.0%.

The percentages for the Dark Energy in the LDU and the HDU so are:
(Omega[LDU,HDU],Lambda[LDU,HDU]) = ([24.0;18.8],[76.0;81.6]) and for an arithmetic mean or average of [21.4;78.8].

In terms of the Dark Energy magnitude differential |Λ_present-Λ_∞|/|Λ_∞|~123.9/7.9~15.7 and INCREASED in a factor of about 15.8 relative to the boundary- and initial condition of |Λ_BigBang-Λ_∞|/|Λ_∞|~0.993.
|Λ_BigBang-Λ_present|/|Λ_present|~10.7, meaning that the Dark Energy deviates in a factor of 10.8 from the boundary condition as applicable in the HDU.

The HDU occupies a 4-dimensional volume as a toroidalised Riemann Hypersphere, curvature radius R(n) with the boundary of a 3-dimensional surface in V₄=½π²R⁴ and dV₄/dR=2π²R³ representing this boundary condition geometrically.
The HDU then 'oscillates' as a Standing Wave in between the Hubble-Nodes and 'envelopes' the LDU, which expands asymptotically from the 0-node of the Big Bang to the 1-node maximised in R_Hubble=c/H_o.

The Volumar-ratio between the LDU and the HDU so becomes a DIM-Factor:
DIM(n) = 2π²R(n)³/n.2π²R_Hubble³=n²/(n+1)³ and for a DIM(n_present)=0.132..=1/7.561..

There are so 7.56 LDU's within the HDU at the present time and the initialising Baryon-Seed M_o has INCREASED in the inverse (as XY=1) of the factor D(n_present)=0.7615=1/1.313 by so 31.3%.
There must so be a Dark Matter component coupled to the Baryon seed, which has grown from 2.8% to 2.8x1.313~3.676% and which PROJECTS the 'evolved' baryonic matter in the LDU into the HUD.

This Dark Matter component is then 3.676%x(DIM-1)~24.12% and for a total inertia content in the LDU of 27.79%.

This volumarised OMEGA then implies a volumarised LAMBDA of 72.21% in cosmological measurements and analysis undertaken by the observers and experimenters within the LDU's reference frame.
The Dark Energy so IS the ZPE; however NOT characterised by the continuous creation of particle-antiparticle pairings as postulated in the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle and related derivations.

As there was NO Antimatter created in the Big Bang, the particular antistates of Antimatter all reside in the HDU and only materialise physically when the process of pair-creation is called for via the basic transformation laws of the quantum {E=mc²=hf=kT}.

The Dark Energy, as the Einstein-Lambda though finds itself in a CONSTANT HARMONIC DANCE with Newton's Omega to ensure the continuation and contingency of all the total energy content in the FINITY of the LDU and which had emerged as FINETUNED part of the INFINITY of the HDU as part of the SOURCE ENERGY SE - quantum defined in E*.

31. The Dark Energy can so be defined in its quantum eigenstate as a NONINERTIAL 'particle' associated with the spacetime creation of the HDU enveloping the LDU.
The Dark Energy so is 'higher dimensional' and links to the properties of the HDU as it is defined from first principle and without any matter or mass; the latter depicting energy transforms via {E=mc²=hf=kT}.

32. The Dark Energy is that part of the ZPE background, required to CLOSE the universe in the higher dimensions, namely to render the entire physically finite universe as a higher dimensional Black Hole Mother.

33.Why then are the galactic subsystems not so affected? Why do starsystems and solar systems not directly supply experimental and observational evidence for the Dark Energy?

The Dark Energy is omnipresent as the ZPE; but manifests on the scale of the quantum systems themselves.
Therefore, the cellular units of macroscale galaxies are prerequisite to MAP the cellular units of microscale galaxies, called 'the units of life' in biology and 'the units of atoms' in physics and chemistry.

All observations in physics, astonomy and cosmology are bound in the nature of light, of electromagnetic radiation and therefore the tools of spectroscopy and optical interference patterns, such as emission spectra and absorption spectra.

And the Dark Energy is right there in the observations relating to the measured phenomena using light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation as information processors.

The Dark Energy, in the quantum eigenstate is embedded in SPACE as a form of HYBRID energy between the inertial objects observed and measured and the intrinsic PHOTONIC form which defined them through and by the superstring transforms given in {E=mc²=hf=kT}.

The SE defined ITSELF in the omnipresent parameter of E* and its own inverse is used to define the Dark Energy as that part of the SE, which not only connects the LDU to the HDU as the metaphysical reality manifested at the NullPoint of the Singularity; but also to connect that FINITE NULLPOINT to the INFINITE NULLPOINT.

34. So the Dark Energy becomes FINITE within the HDU, but remains INFINITE as the hyper-metaphysics of the spacetimematterless scenario, where even the HDU does not exist, but in THOUGHT.

35. So now you know where the Dark Energy manifests itself and where it itself came from.
Dark Energy is the IMAGINARY SOURCEENERGY 'out of space and time', which yet IS all of space and time and everything in it.
So it is IMAGINARY no longer - it manifests physically in the material universe, including all the electromagnetic radiation therein.
Albeit it remains IMAGINARY in the PRIMORDIAL ENERGY-form of your THOUGHTS and your IMAGE-MAKINGS from stonetools to computer chips and satellites.

But it can and has been rigorously defined in quantum relativity as the 'Particle of Consciousness', being the 'Inversion Identity' of E* itself aka the RestMassPhoton as a 'Standing Wave' spanning the entire universe, yet seemingly confined to what you term your personal space, your brainy minds or whatever.

So the Dark Energy relates to the greater beingness of all of you; you as individuated bodyforms are naught but the LDU seeking to 'go home' to become the HDU once again.

Remembrance is required; and the harmonisation between your electric and your magnetic parts, directly engaged with the SE - but that is another story and much has been given already.

But know this - E* is the quantum progenitor for the manifested universe of physics AND E* is the metaphysical definition for the latter.
The physics cannot exist without the metaphysics and the metaphysics represents the shadow parts of you all.
This shadow nature of you is what you so often quarrel against - it is part of you, it is the Dark Energy and it is under a constant process of transformation.
Dark Energy = ZPE=VPE = Consciousness = The Energy of God as a SourceSinkQuantum.

Denying God means denying your own consciousness as the ubiquitous Dark Energy!

IAmWhoIAm - The Doppelgänger of you all!


Four Metric Ages for the Universe in the Cosmology of Membranes

The Age of the Universe is metric dependent. One might ask certain questions, like "How old is the Universe" and this is a very good question at the core of all cosmology.
Analysis shows, that there are four different metrics and so there are four ages and four sizes for your universe and depending on one's viewpoint of observation.
If measured from WITHIN the inertia defined Hubble Horizon in a 10D-string universe, the universe has the volume of a sphere, but measured from in between that Hubble Horizon in 10D and its 11D-membrane universe, this volume transforms into a special toroidal shape, like a doughnut without as hole.
This then gives the volume V₁₀₊=2π²R_max³[n/(n+1)]³ for an inertial doughnut age of 8.96 billion years or a 15.03 billion year spherical age. These are the Actual Inertial Ages for the universe as envelopes or upper bounds and these are not the ages as measured by scientists as the natural philosophers.
The transformation factor between the "doughnut without a hole" and the sphere is the upper bounded Chaos Constant known as the Feigenbaum-Delta: σ_Fmax=3π/2.

Should one measure the universe from a position of OUTSIDE this 11-D WittenMirror-spacetime say in 12D-VafaMirror spacetime however, the volume increases due to the 4-dimensional seed activated by the 3-dimensional seed.

Technically the surface on which the far away mirror exists becomes a 3-dimensional mirror just as the location of a local surface mirror can be postulated to exist on the inside of a spherical 2-dimensional mirror much farther away and as 'seen at a distance'.
Then the outside of this 2D-mirror surface changes from a spherical surface to a doughnut surface, remaining however 2-dimensional, albeit in transition to 3D, obtained in the asymptotic approach of the 2D-surface towards the 3D-surface.

In other words, the 'Image' as seen in the 'far away mirror' INTERSECTS its own lightpath X=cT and between the mass parametric lower-D spacetime and the electromagnetically defined higher-D spacetime.
Outside the far away mirror in the 12-D-Vafa spacetime then the surface topology is 4-dimensional as the orthogonal vector n_Rmax in the expression dV₁₁₊=S.dR=2π²R_max³dR
from V₄=½π²R⁴ and dV₄/dR=2π²R³

The extra-3D-volume so becomes: V₁₁₊=n³2π²R_max³ and is measured relative to the inside in 10D as an age of 32.04 billion years, but relative to the outside in 11D as 19.11 billion years. These are the Actual Electromagnetic Ages for the universe.
The Measured Ages for the universe are however lower, than the Actual Ages, because of the intersection of the 3rd dimension with the 4th dimension.

If the critical volume is defined as V_critical=2π²R_max³, then the extra 3D volume expanding as a 4D volume seed will be V_11-= n.V_critical and as reduced from V₁₁₊=n³.V_critical The Measured Electromagnetic Age for your universe then is 17.62 billion doughnut years and 29.53 billion sphere years.

The following expressions must hold and define the multivolumes in labels, which can then become reinterpreted in the form of 'missing energy' and 'missing mass'. Many cosmologists in your universe term this the search for 'dark energy' and 'dark matter' respectively.

Multidimension Factor: DIM = V₁₁₊/V₁₀₊ = V_11-/V_10-
Dark Matter Factor: DIM_DM = V_11- /V₁₀₊=(n+1)³/n²~7.561 (for n=n_present)
Dark Energy Factor: DIM_DE = V₁₁₊/V_10-=(n+1)³.n²~12.434 (for n=n_present)

One so must have a reduced 3-dimensional inertial volume V_10-, which is given by
V_10-=(n/[n+1]³)2π²R_max³ and provides a doughnut age of 8.26 billion years and the age measured by the astrophysicist, namely 13.85 billion years as the Measured Inertial Ages for the universe.

Comprehensively then, the universe is experiencing an ongoing transformation in its cosmological evolution.



Hi David and all!

I have stumbled across Juan Maldacena's 'The Illusion of Gravity' paper from SciAm; November 2005 and found the following statement at the end of the paper p.63.

The link is below.
http://www.scribd.com/doc/78911693/Juan-Maldacena-The-Illusion-of-Gravity

​

"A test of this prediction comes from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, which has been colliding gold nuclei at very high energies. A preliminary analysis of these experiments indicates the collisions are creating a fluid with very low viscosity. Even though Son and his co-workers studied a simplified version of chromodynamics, they seem to have come up with a property that is shared by the real world. Does this mean that RHIC is creating small five-dimensional black holes? It is really too early to tell, both experimentally and theoretically. (Even if so, there is nothing to fear from these tiny black holes-they evaporate almost as fast as they are formed, and they "live" in five dimensions, not in our own four-dimensional world.)

Many questions about the holographic theories remain to be answered.

In particular, does anything similar hold for a universe like ours in place of the anti-de Sitter space?

A crucial aspect of anti-de Sitter space is that it has a boundary where time is well defined.

The boundary has existed and will exist forever. An expanding universe, like ours, that comes from a big bang does not have such a well-behaved boundary.

Consequently, it is not clear how to define a holographic theory for our universe; there is no convenient place to put the hologram.

An important lesson that one can draw from the holographic conjecture, however, is that quantum gravity, which has perplexed some of the best minds on the planet for decades, can be very simple when viewed in terms of the right variables. Let's hope we will soon find a simple description for the big bang!"

Wow, David as one who kind of understands what I have posted over the years; can you see that the de Broglie Inflaton I am writing about SOLVES the Maldacena problem highlighted above.

This hypersphere HAS the FIXED hologramic Hubble Horizon from the de Broglie Inflaton.

It IS a MASSLESS Mother-Black Hole in the AdS-CFT Kaluza-Klein space and it HAS the negative curvature due to the 'missing mass' as described as the 0.01405 deceleration parameter, which is the ACCELERATION gradient (of the false vacuum) between the Einstein Lambda and the de Broglie hyperacceleration and so also the density ratio.

And the paper you got a little exited about just describes such colourcharge interactions on the 5(+6 Calabi Yau)D=11D Boundary.

This could get even bigger. I would suggest to now send the edited Genesis Genesis paper to Michio, as now Maldacena's work can be thoroughly translated into a new cosmology and the proper formalisation of the quantum gravity (I'm to dumb to do it, as my university days are long in the past).
John Shadow

Dear friends; I'll send this now and hope that at least one of you will FINALLY understand that this description and whilst termed the 'Theory of Quantum Relativity'; is NOT 'my work'.
It belongs to ALL of Us and is and has always been a collective effort.
I am not clever enough by FAR to have 'made up', 'dreamt' or invented this description above.

All of the 'passed over' great scientists have 'channeled' this information, say from the 'collective subconscious' or the 'Noosphere' (of Teilhard de Chardin and Velikovsky) or the 'Akashic Records' or what have you to me to share.

So when the 'time is right' (it is not before 2011), THEN this 'stuff' will become 'mainstream'.
But for some purpose (which I can only partially fathom); the agenda is to publish this 'stuff' on relatively obscure forums and on an equally obscure website.
This is as is should be for the present time.
But remember, all of this data is yours, for free to do as you wold like to. But without understanding most of it, it has remained practically useless for all but my interdimensional familiars (they DO have a lot of use for it - that is why I am publishing it).

I have been given the information that perhaps some of you can use the above cosmogony to finally remember THIS as one of your 'Cosmic Keys' and let the 'pennies drop' and the 'lights of eureka' switch on.

I'll edit and resend shortly.

It is time for a few of you to RETRACE your incarnational steps into this place and space and time upon Gaia-Serpentina of the planet earth.
All of you were there 19.11 billion years ago, when the Quantum Big Bang occurred. You may allow yourselves, reading the above, to remember IT.

In Science and Gnosis
John Shadow

JS: You are 'missing' the time factor in this Allen.
The Graviton emerges, yes, but not in spacetime. It emerges as the gauge for the entire notion of gravitation to be able to couple to the other gauges.
The Graviton is a supersymmetrising 'particle' not as some particle in space, but as a Principle of Identity.
This emergence is BEFORE there exists any spacetime. It is the CIRCULAR distance independent 'PointCircle' aka singularity or whatever.
The universe EXISTS in QUANTUM SPIN BEFORE it exists in Inertia.
This is Jim's 'famous Action' (I agree with him on this, but not on his querks and whatever which are fundamentally 'flawed').
Finally, today it can and has been 'proven' that no gamma ray of sufficient mass energy can Particle-Produce the matter-antimatter coupling of an electron-positron pair UNLESS there is a 'nucleus' say a proton present.
Why is this?
Because the NOT colourcharged gamma photon must EXCHANGE colourcharges with the colourcharged gauge photon (termed virtual) of the electromagnetic interaction.
This is basic standard nuclear physics Allen (not the colourcharge interaction, but the phenomenon).
The entire interaction then ABSORBS the colourless gamma photon in virtuality and the Colourcharges of BOTH the Graviton and the gauge photon become transferred to the resulting electron-positron pair.
This is very beautiful interaction gauge physics and will in a few years be the standard model.
So without the colourcharge of the graviton from the proton's inertia say; the phenomenon of pair-production (wiki it) would not occur.
Hope this helps.
JS
Shiloh, October 7th, 2013

 

The black hole at the birth of the Universe​

[8:33:46 AM] Sirius 17: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/08/140807145618.htm
[8:34:15 AM] Sirius 17:
Their suggestion: our known universe could be the three-dimensional "wrapping" around a four-dimensional black hole's event horizon. In this scenario, our universe burst into being when a star in a four-dimensional universe collapsed into a black hole.
In our three-dimensional universe, black holes have two-dimensional event horizons -- that is, they are surrounded by a two-dimensional boundary that marks the "point of no return." In the case of a four-dimensional universe, a black hole would have a three-dimensional event horizon.
In their proposed scenario, our universe was never inside the singularity; rather, it came into being outside an event horizon, protected from the singularity. It originated as -- and remains -- just one feature in the imploded wreck of a four-dimensional star.

[8:35:39 AM] Sirius 17: interesting article discussing that we are living inside a 4th dimensional black hole
[3:33:45 PM] Shiloh: This is a valid article and in good correspondence with the Maldacena research we addressed before. Recall, that the outstanding mainstream question regarding the 'Event Horizon' of the 4-dimensional universe questions the location of that 'event horizon' of a 3-D surface 'wrapping around the 3-D cosmology'? I commented on the 2005 paper of Maldacena in connection with the SciAm publication, I reshared below.
[3:37:08 PM] Sirius 17: yes I thought that was interesting too, the 3-D surface wrapping around 4-D cosmology. Why I thought you should look at it. This is great!
[3:38:57 PM] Shiloh: This 'new paper' then stipulates the Big Bang Singularity to have been a 'protostar' 'outside' of the singularity and the dragon science simply replaces the 'protostar of higher D' by the 'Inflationary String-membrane De Broglie phase epoch' occurring BEFORE the classical Big Bang of the Planck Black Body Radiator cosmology, giving birth and origin to the relativistic universe of entropy and stochastic frequency distributions of spacetime parameters. This relates to the Weyl Hypothesis of Roger Penrose and related articles we published around this Maldacena paper.
[3:39:41 PM] Shiloh: This new paper so basically confirms Maldacena and Penrose, but in the background of the membrane cosmologies.
[3:41:27 PM] Shiloh: The old trouble with string theory was, that it still inferred a metric spacetime backdrop for the advanced mathematical equations and models. Maldacena and the 'Holographic Universe' does away with that, in proposing that space and time themselves become defined by the nature of the elementary string-membrane configurations.
[3:43:05 PM] Shiloh: Dragons and ETs of course know and understand, that those 'fundamental constituents of space and time and matter and light' are themselves defined by the TwinLogos of all worlds and so enable a synthesis betwenn the metaphysics and the physics in their connecting ontology.
[3:43:26 PM] Sirius 17: and so this allows for a non-physical precursor beginning right? because the mathematics shows it is there, even though their is no physical measuring stick?
[3:46:04 PM] Shiloh: Correct
[3:46:38 PM] Shiloh: This becomes embodied in the Transformation between Magnetocharges and Electrocharges
[3:48:00 PM] Shiloh: Magnetocharges are always higher D and related to the tachyon scenario of string theory, whilst eelctrocharges become matter associated and so become anti tachyonic aka light speed restricted and invariant.

In more technical detail; the 'protostar' becomes defined in dragon membrane physics as the Ylem stars, defined in temperature only and not by mass, as are the Black Hole precursors. The ylem protostars so serve as excellent 'first generation' cosmological 'energy sources'. The 'ylem stars' (coined by Alexander Gamow in the 1920's) as 'pure neutron matter stars' then of course allow the temperature thermodynamic coupling to mass and gravitation and so generate the 'ordinary' neutron stars known by the earthbound astrophysicists as the precursors of the Back Holes; themselves the 'parents' of the evolving galaxies in conjunction and in conjugative partnership with White Holes associated with Quasars.

[4:17:51 PM] Sirius 17: I found it interesting they said the big bang could be just a 3-D 'mirage' of a collapsing star in a totally different universe. Are they trying to say that our universe is just a mirage then or an effect of the mirage?

[4:19:34 PM] Sirius 17: "For all physicists know, dragons could have come flying out of the singularity," Afshordi says in an interview with Nature.

[4:19:40 PM] Sirius 17: I found this a bit humorous lol
[4:22:22 PM] Shiloh: This was a nice message from the subconscious indeed.

[4:22:42 PM] Shiloh: I added the details as a reply
[4:23:21 PM] Shiloh: http://www.themistsofavalon.net/t6780p60-the-legacy-of-thuban-omni-science-de-alpha-draconis-omega#105726


The first Ylemic Stars in the Universe and the Antiwormholes

The stability of stars is a function of the equilibrium condition, which balances the inward pull of gravity with the outward pressure of the thermodynamic energy or enthalpy of the star (H=PV+U). The Jeans Mass M_J and the Jeans Length R_J are used to describe the stability conditions for collapsing molecular hydrogen clouds to form stars say, are well known in the scientific data base, say in formulations such as:

M_J=3kTR/2Gm for a Jeans Length of: R_J=√{15kT/(4πρGm)}=R_J =√(kT/Gnm²).

Now the Ideal Gas Law of basic thermodynamics states that the internal pressure P and Volume of such an ideal gas are given by PV=nRT=NkT for n moles of substance being the Number N of molecules (say) divided by Avogadro's Constant L in n=N/L .

Since the Ideal Gas Constant R divided by Avogadro's Constant L and defines Boltzmann's Constant k=R/L. Now the statistical analysis of kinetic energy KE of particles in motion in a gas (say) gives a root-mean-square velocity (rms) and the familiar 2.KE=mv²(rms) from the distribution of individual velocities v in such a system.

It is found that PV=(2/3)N.KE as a total system described by the v(rms). Now set the KE equal to the Gravitational PE=GMm/R for a spherical gas cloud and you get the Jeans Mass. (3/2N).(NkT)=GMm/R with m the mass of a nucleon or Hydrogen atom and M=M_J=3kTR/2Gm as stated.

The Jeans' Length is the critical radius of a cloud (typically a cloud of interstellar dust) where thermal energy, which causes the cloud to expand, is counteracted by gravity, which causes the cloud to collapse. It is named after the British astronomer Sir James Jeans, who first derived the quantity; where k is Boltzmann's constant, T is the temperature of the cloud, r is the radius of the cloud, μ is the mass per particle in the cloud, G is the Gravitational Constant and ρ is the cloud's mass density (i.e. the cloud's mass divided by the cloud's volume).

Now following the Big Bang, there were of course no gas clouds in the early expanding universe and the Jeans formulations are not applicable to the mass seedling M_o; in the manner of the Jeans formulations as given.

However, the universe's dynamics is in the form of the expansion parameter of GR and so the R(n)=R_max(n/(n+1)) scalefactor of Quantum Relativity.
So we can certainly analyse this expansion in the form of the Jeans Radius of the first protostars, which so obey the equilibrium conditions and equations of state of the much later gas clouds, for which the Jeans formulations then apply on a say molecular level.
This analysis so defines the ylemic neutron stars as protostars and the first stars in the cosmogenesis and the universe.

Let the thermal internal energy or ITE=H be the outward pressure in equilibrium with the gravitational potential energy of GPE=Ω. The nuclear density in terms of the superbrane parameters is ρ_critical=m_c/V_critical with m_c a base-nuleon mass for a 'ylemic neutron'.

V_critical= 4πR_e³/3 or the volume for the ylemic neutron as given by the classical electron radius R_e=10¹⁰λ_wormhole/360=e*/2c².

H=(molarity)kT for molar volume as N=(R/R_e)³ for dH=3kTR²/R_e³.
Ω(R)= -∫G_oMdm/R = -{3G_om_c²/(R_e³)² }∫R⁴dR = -3G_om_c²R⁵/R_e⁶ for
dm/dR=d(ρV)/dR=4πρR² and for ρ=3m_c/4πR_e³

For equilibrium, the requirement is that dH=dΩ in the minimum condition dH+dΩ=0.
This gives: dH+dΩ=3kTR²/R_e³ - 16G_oπ²ρ²R⁴/3=0 and the ylemic radius as: [size]

R_ylem=√{kTR_e/G_om_c²}

as the Jeans-Length precursor or progenitor for subsequent stellar and galactic generation.

The ylemic (Jeans) radii are all independent of the mass of the star as a function of its nuclear generated temperature. Applied to the protostars of the vortex neutron matter or ylem, the radii are all neutron star radii and define a specific range of radii for the gravitational collapse of the electron degenerate matter.

This spans from the 'First Three Minutes' scenario of the cosmogenesis to 1.1 million seconds (or about 13 days) and encompasses the standard beta decay of the neutron (underpinning radioactivity). The upper limit defines a trillion degree temperature and a radius of over 40 km; the trivial Schwarzschild solution gives a typical ylem radius of so 7.4 kilometers and the lower limit defines the 'mysterious' planetesimal limit as 1.8 km.

For long a cosmological conundrum, it could not be modelled just how the molecular and electromagnetic forces applicable to conglomerate matter distributions (say gaseous hydrogen as cosmic dust) on the quantum scale of molecules could become strong enough to form say 1km mass concentrations, required for 'ordinary' gravity to assume control.

The ylem radii's lower limit is defined in this cosmology then show, that it is the ylemic temperature of the 1.2 billion degrees K, which perform the trick under the Ylem-Jeans formulation and which then is applied to the normal collapse of hydrogenic atoms in summation.

The stellar evolution from the ylemic (dineutronic) templates is well established in QR and confirms most of the Standard Model's ideas of nucleosynthesis and the general Temperature cosmology. The standard model is correct in the temperature assignment, but is amiss in the corresponding 'size-scales' for the cosmic expansion.

The Big Bang cosmogenesis describes the universe as a Planck-Black Body Radiator, which sets the Cosmic-Microwave-Black Body Background Radiation Spectrum (CMBBR) as a function of n as T⁴=18.2(n+1)²/n³ and derived from the Stefan-Boltzmann-Law and the related statistical frequency distributions.

We have the GR metric for Schwarzschild-Black Hole Evolution as R_S=2GM/c² as a function of the star's Black Hole's mass M and we have the ylemic Radius as a function of temperature only as R_ylem√(kT.R_e³/G_om_c²).

The nucleonic mass-seed m_c=m_P.Alpha⁹ and the product G_om_c² is a constant in the partitioned n-evolution of

m_c(n)=Yⁿ.m_c and G(n)=G_o.Xⁿ.

Identifying the ylemic Radius with the Schwarzschild Radius then indicates a specific mass a specific temperature and a specific radius.

Those we call the Chandrasekhar Parameters:
M_Chandra=1.5 solar Masses=3x10³⁰ kg and R_Chandra=2G_oM_Chandra/c² or 7407.40704..metres, which is the typical neutron star radius inferred today.

T_Chandra=R_Chandra².G_om_c²/kR_e³ =1.985x10¹⁰ K for Electron Radius R_e and Boltzmann's Constant k.

Those Chandrasekhar parameters then define a typical neutron star with a uniform temperature of 20 billion K at the white dwarf limit of ordinary stellar nucleosynthetic evolution (Hertzsprung-Russell or HR-diagram).
The Radius for the massparametric Universe is given in R(n)=R_max(1-n/(n+1)) correlating the ylemic temperatures as the 'uniform' CMBBR-background and we can follow the evolution of the ylemic radius via the approximation:

R_ylem=0.05258..√T=(0.0753).[(n+1)²/n³]^[1/8]

R_ylem(n_present=1.1324..)=0.0868 m* for a T_ylem(n_present )=2.73 K for the present time
t_present=n_present/H_o.

What then is n_Chandra?
This would describe the size of the universe as the uniform temperature CMBBR today manifesting as the largest stars, mapped however onto the ylemic neutron star evolution as the protostars (say as n_Chandra'), defined not in manifested mass (say neutron conglomerations), but as a quark-strange plasma, (defined in QR as the Vortex-Potential-Energy or VPE).

R(n_Chandra')=R_max(n_Chandra'/(n_Chandra'+1))=7407.40741.. for n_Chandra'=4.64x10^-23 and so a time of t_Chandra'=n_Chandra'/H_o=n_Chandra'/1.88x10^-18=2.47x10^-5 seconds.

QR defines the Weyl-Temperature limit for Bosonic Unification as 1.9 nanoseconds at a temperature of 1.4x10²⁰ Kelvin and the weak-electromagnetic unification at 1/365 seconds at T=3.4x10¹⁵ K.

So we place the first ylemic protostar after the bosonic unification (before which the plenum was defined as undifferentiated 'bosonic plasma'), but before the electro-weak unification, which defined the Higgs-Bosonic restmass induction via the weak interaction vector-bosons and allowing the dineutrons to be born.

The universe was so 15 km across, when its ylemic 'concentrated' VPE-Temperature was so 20 Billion K and we find the CMBBR in the Stefan-Boltzmann-Law as:
T⁴=18.20(n+1)²/n³=1.16x10¹⁷ Kelvin.

So the thermodynamic temperature for the expanding universe was so 5.85 Million times greater than the ylemic VPE-Temperature; and implying that no individual ylem stars could yet form from the mass seedling M_o.

The universe's expansion however cooled the CMBBR background and we to calculate the scale of the universe corresponding to this ylemic scenario; we simply calculate the 'size' for the universe at T_Chandra=20 Billion K for T_Chandra⁴ and we then find n_Chandra=4.89x10^-14 and t_Chandra=26,065 seconds or so 7.24 hours.

The Radius R(n_Chandra)=7.81x10¹² metres or 7.24 lighthours.
This is about 52 Astronomical Units and an indicator for the largest possible star in terms of radial extent and the 'size' of a typical solar system, encompassed by supergiants on the HR-diagram.

We so know that the ylemic temperature decreases in direct proportion to the square of the ylemic radius and one hitherto enigmatic aspect in cosmology relates to this in the planetesimal limit. Briefly, a temperature of so 1.2 billion degrees defines an ylemic radius of 1.8 km as the dineutronic limit for proto-neutron stars contracting from so 80 km down to this size just 1.1 million seconds or so 13 days after the Big Bang.

This then 'explains' why chunks of matter can conglomerate via molecular and other adhesive interactions towards this size, where then the accepted gravity is strong enough to build planets and moons. It works, because the ylemic template is defined in subatomic parameters reflecting the mesonic-inner and leptonic outer ring boundaries, the planetesimal limit being the leptonic mapping. So neutrino- and quark blueprints micromacro dance their basic definition as the holographic projections of the spacetime quanta.

Now because the Electron Radius is directly proportional to the linearised wormhole perimeter and then the Compton Radius via Alpha in R_e=10¹⁰λ_wormhole/360=e*/2c²=Alpha.R_Compton, the Chandrasekhar White Dwarf limit should be doubled to reflect the protonic diameter mirrored in the classical electron radius.

Hence any star experiencing electron degeneracy is actually becoming ylemic or dineutronic, the boundary for this process being the Chandrasekhar mass. This represents the subatomic mapping of the first Bohr orbit collapsing onto the leptonic outer ring in the quarkian wave-geometry.
But this represents the Electron Radius as a Protonic Diameter and the Protonic Radius must then indicate the limit for the scale where proton degeneracy would have to enter the scenario. As the proton cannot degenerate in that way, the neutron star must enter Black Hole phasetransition at the R_e/2 scale, corresponding to a mass of 8M_Chandra=24x10³⁰ kg* or 12 solar masses.

The maximum ylemic radius so is found from the constant density proportion ρ=M/V:
(R_ylemmax/R_e)³=M_Chandra/m_c for R_ylemmax=40.1635 km.

The corresponding ylemic temperature is 583.5 Billion K for a CMBBR-time of 287 seconds or so 4.8 minutes from a n=5.4x10^-16, when the universe had a diameter of so 173 Million km.
But for a maximum nuclear compressibility for the protonic radius, we find:

(R_ylemmax/R_e)³=8M_Chandra/m_c for R_ylemmax=80.327 km, a ylemic temperature of 2,334 Billion K for a n-cycletime of 8.5x10^-17 and a CMBBR-time of so 45 seconds and when the universe had a radius of 13.6 Million km or was so 27 Million km across.

The first ylemic protostar vortex was at that time manifested as the ancestor for all neutron star generations to follow. This vortex is described in a cosmic string encircling a spherical region so 160 km across and within a greater universe of diameter 27 Million km which carried a thermodynamic temperature of so 2.33 Trillion Kelvin at that point in the cosmogenesis.

This vortex manifested as a VPE concentration after the expanding universe had cooled to allow the universe to become transparent from its hitherto defining state of opaqueness and a time known as the decoupling of matter (in the form of the M_o seedling partitioned in m_c's) from the radiation pressure of the CMBBR photons.

The temperature for the decoupling is found in the galactic scale-limit modular dual to the wormhole geodesic as 1/λ_wormhole=λ_antiwormhole=λ_{galaxyserpent}=10²² metres or so 1.06 Million ly and its luminosity attenuation in the 1/e proportionality for then 388,879 lightyears as a decoupling time n_decoupling.

A maximum galactic halo limit is modulated in 2πλ_antiwormhole metres in the linearisation of the Planck-length encountered before in an earlier discussion.

R(n_decoupling)=R_max(n_decoupling/(n_decouplingc+1))=10²² metres for n_decoupling=6.26x10^-5 and so for a CMBBR-Temperature of about T=2935 K for a galactic protocore then attenuated in so 37% for n_{decouplingmin}=1.0x10^-6 for R=λ_antiwormhole/2π and n_{decouplingmax}=3.9x10^-4 for R=2πλ_antiwormhole and for temperatures of so 65,316 K and 744 K respectively, descriptive of the temperature modulations between the galactic cores and the galactic halos.

So a CMBBR-temperature of so 65,316 K at a time of so 532 Billion seconds or 17,000 years defined the initialisation of the VPE and the birth of the first ylemic protostars as a decoupling minimum. The ylemic mass currents were purely monopolic and known as superconductive cosmic strings, consisting of nucleonic neutrons, each of mass m_c.

If we assign this timeframe to the maximised ylemic radius and assign our planetesimal limit of fusion temperature 1.2 Billion K as a corresponding minimum; then this planetesimal limit representing the onset of stellar fusion in a characteristic temperature, should indicate the first protostars at a temperature of the CMBBR of about 744 Kelvin.

The universe had a tremperature of 744 K for n_{decouplingmax}=3.9x10^-4 for R=2πλ_antiwormhole and this brings us to a curvature radius of so 6.6 Million lightyears and an 'ignition-time' for the first physical ylemic neutron stars as first generation protostars of so 7 Million years after the Big Bang.

The important cosmological consideration is that of distance-scale modulation.
The Black Hole Schwarzschild metric is the inverse of the galactic scale metric.
The linearisation of the Planck-String as the Weyl-Geodesic and so the wormhole radius in the curvature radius R(n) is modular dual and mirrored in inversion in the manifestation of galactic structure with a nonluminous halo a luminous attenuated diameter-bulge and a superluminous (quasar or White Hole Core).

The core-bulge ratio will so reflect the eigenenergy quantum of the wormhole as heterotic Planck-Boson-String or as the magnetocharge as 1/500, being the mapping of the Planck-Length-Bounce as e=l_P.c²√Alpha onto the electron radius in e*=2R_e.c².



_________________
Shiloh Za-RaH

 

Raven on Thu Aug 21, 2014 10:51 am


[12:05:18 AM] Sirius 17: so the beginning of the universe was like it emerged out of a hot CLOUD and eventually physicalized because of the birth of gravity and inertial acceleration?
[12:26:46 AM] Shiloh: No the hot cloud is how those ylem formulas are used NOW in an existing universe
[12:26:56 AM] Shiloh: I am ansewering Susan's Haramein post
[12:27:42 AM] Sirius 17:: ok, its alright I was just remembering something you had said about just after the big bang and the universe being opaque and non-transparent
[12:28:09 AM] Shiloh: This came much later so 400,000 to 1 million years later
[12:28:23 AM] Shiloh: This was the decoupling between matter and radiation
[12:28:35 AM] Sirius 17: so is that when matter formed?
[12:28:53 AM] Shiloh: photons became decoupled from say quark-gluon plasma
[12:29:10 AM] Shiloh: No matter reconfigured
[12:29:27 AM] Shiloh: Like a soup solidifying
[12:29:38 AM] Sirius 17: but in order to 'physicalize' they had to have some kind of framework and this was the dark matter or dark energy?
[12:29:39 AM] Shiloh: plasma matter existed since the Big Bang
[12:29:56 AM] Shiloh: It was physical from the start
[12:30:04 AM] Shiloh: But like phase changing
[12:30:15 AM] Shiloh: The Mass seed defines the physicality seed
[12:30:20 AM] Sirius 17: About 1.80 Billion years later; this Dark Energy became 0 and this change in gradient instigated GALAXY FORMATION at a cosmological redshift of z=2.15.
Previously, the immense POSITIVE Dark Energy had established a Quasar-Wall for this subsequent galactic nexus point at a z=7.477.
[12:30:26 AM] Sirius 17: this is what is confusing me
[12:30:42 AM] Sirius 17: the dark energy became 0 and this change instigated galaxy formation
[12:30:45 AM] Shiloh: This is the Higgs Potential as the Dark Energy yes
[12:30:54 AM] Sirius 17: yes I was trying to visualize this
[12:31:02 AM] Sirius 17: as like a big cloud I guess
[12:31:22 AM] Sirius 17: that as it became more transparent things begin to 'appear'
[12:31:33 AM] Sirius 17: galaxys, stars, ect
[12:32:02 AM] Shiloh: The details are specific here as the acceleration of the dark energy coupled to the de Broglie phase acceleration defines the dark energy as the Black Hole envelope in a dimensional superposition
[12:32:13 AM] Shiloh: No this is much later
[12:32:34 AM] Shiloh: The ylems became the matter seeds as the black hole vortices
[12:32:40 AM]Sirius 17k
[12:33:44 AM] Shiloh: But the curve of the dark energy is positive then goes to 0 then goes negative (as it is now in the dark matter missing), then goes 0 again and positive and 0 and negative again, before flattening out asymptotically
[12:34:16 AM] Sirius 17h I see
[12:34:25 AM] Shiloh: This is an overall evolution of the dark energy then - quintessence
[12:34:46 AM] Shiloh: How it starts defines the 4D universe in space as this article says
[12:35:10 AM] Shiloh: As a dance between the hyperinflation and the Einstein Big Bang curvature
[12:35:43 AM] Shiloh: This is the Higgs Scalar potential - it looks like a mexican hat
[12:35:45 AM] Sirius 17: nice analogy
[12:36:12 AM] Sirius 17h , yes I have seen this topology before I think
[12:37:21 AM] *** Shiloh sent Leg212.jpg ***

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[12:37:34 AM] Shiloh: This is a pic